Table 1.

Summary of cases of malignant transformation of DNTs.

	Age (year)	Sex	Site	Enhancement/Hemorrhage	Pathology*
Present case	18	F	P	+/+	Anaplastic glioneuronal tumor
Matsumura et al. [4]	1	F	P	+ / N/A	Anaplastic glioneuronal tumor
Heiland et al. [5]	28	M	O	+ / N/A	Glioblastoma
Aggarwal et al. [6]	29	M	Fr	+ / N/A	Diffuse astrocytoma
Moazzam et al. [7]	22	F	T	+ / N/A	Oligoastrocytoma
Chuang et al. [8]	2	F	Fr, P	+ / N/A	Glioblastoma
Chao et al. [9]	15	F	T	+ / N/A	Diffuse astrocytoma
Mano et al. [10]	4	F	F	+ / N/A	DNT and anaplastic oligodendroglioma
Thom et al. [11]	56	M	T	+ / N/A	Anaplastic glioneuronal tumor
Ray et al. [12]	12	F	Fr, P	+ / N/A	Anaplastic astrocytoma
Tsuboi et al. [13]	35	F	T	+ / N/A	Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma
Hammond et al. [14]	29	M	Fr	+ / N/A	Glioblastoma
Gonzales et al. [15]	47	F	Fr	+ / N/A	Oligoastrocytoma
Rushing et al. [16]	14	M	T, P	N/A / N/A	Anaplastic astrocytoma

DNT, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor; F, female; Fr, frontal lobe; M, male.

MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; N/A, not applicable; O, occipital lobe; P, parietal lobe; T, temporal lobe.

^⁎In the present case and the case of Mano et al. [10], primary tumors were malignant transformation of DNTs. In the other above cases, primary tumors were DNTs with WHO grade 1 and recurrent tumors were the above brain tumors with WHO grade 2, 3, or 4.