Fig. 1.

HNN Model schematics. a Pyramidal neurons in layer II/III and V, and inhibitory fast-spiking basket cells (empty circles). Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic coupling is indicated by black lines with filled circles and bars respectively. Within-layer excitatory–excitatory and inhibitory–inhibitory connections are not shown, but exist for each cell type (see Table S2). b Visualization of the spatial alignment of a network of layer II/III and V pyramidal neurons. c, d The network is activated by proximal/feedforward (c) and distal/feedback (d) inputs which deliver trains of action potentials via canonical pathways