Table 4.
Adverse cardiovascular, obstetric, and fetal events experienced by women with CHD admitted for delivery by NYHA.
| CHD With NYHA III~IV (n = 122) | CHD With NYHA I~II (n = 918) | P value |
Crude OR
(95%CI) |
Adjusted P value | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obstetric events | ||||||
| Hypertension in pregnancy | 3 (2.46) | 20 (2.19) | 0.843 | 1.13 (0.33–3.87) | 0.747 | 1.23 (0.36–4.21) |
| Placenta previa | 2 (1.64) | 22 (2.40) | 0.603 | 0.68 (0.16–2.92) | 0.692 | 0.74 (0.17–3.22) |
| Gestational diabetes | 10 (8.20) | 129 (14.05) | 0.078 | 0.55 (0.28–1.07) | 0.110 | 0.58 (0.29–1.13) |
| Placental abruption | 1 (0.82) | 7 (0.76) | 0.946 | 1.08 (0.13–8.82) | 0.796 | 1.32 (0.16–11.10) |
| Hemorrhage | 20 (16.39) | 117 (12.75) | 0.264 | 1.34 (0.8–2.25) | 0.187 | 1.42 (0.84–2.39) |
| Pre-term delivery | 58 (47.54) | 84 (9.15) | <0.001 | 9.00 (5.91–13.70) | <0.001 | 8.69 (5.64–13.38) |
| preeclampsia | 18 (14.75) | 50 (5.45) | <0.001 | 3.01 (1.69–5.34) | <0.001 | 3.05 (1.71–5.46) |
| Cardiovascular events | ||||||
| Arrhythmia | 17 (13.93) | 115 (12.53) | 0.661 | 1.13 (0.65–1.96) | 0.674 | 1.05 (0.59–1.88) |
| Thromboembolic event (stroke, PE, and so on) |
0 (0) | 4 (0.44) | NC | NC | NC | NC |
| Delivery procedure | ||||||
| Cesarean section | 116 (95.08) | 705 (76.80) | <0.001 | 5.84 (2.54–13.46) | <0.001 | 4.03 (1.72–9.48) |
| Artificial rupture of the membranes | 0 (0) | 26 (2.83) | 0.996 | NC | 0.996 | NC |
| Induction | 0 (0) | 26 (2.83) | 0.996 | NC | 0.996 | NC |
| Fetal events | ||||||
| Fetal distress | 5 (4.10) | 53 (5.77) | 0.451 | 0.70 (0.27–1.78) | 0.420 | 0.68 (0.26–1.75) |
| Fetal growth restriction | 4 (3.28) | 8 (0.87) | 0.030 | 3.86 (1.14–13.00) | 0.025 | 4.04 (1.19–13.67) |
| Fetal malformation | 1 (0.82) | 1 (0.11) | 0.153 | 7.58 (0.47–121.95) | 0.144 | 7.96 (0.49–128.27) |
| Fetal death or stillbirth | 4 (3.28) | 0 (0) | 0.997 | NC | 0.997 | NC |
| Infant of low-birth weight | 30 (24.59) | 59 (6.43) | <0.001 | 4.75 (2.91–7.74) | <0.001 | 3.66 (2.12–6.31) |
| Other events | ||||||
| Pulmonary arterial hypertension | 80 (65.57) | 191 (20.80) | <0.001 | 7.25 (4.83–10.88) | <0.001 | 7.40 (4.87–11.24) |
| Respiratory/pulmonary | 7 (5.74) | 7 (0.76) | <0.001 | 7.92 (2.73–22.99) | <0.001 | 9.91 (2.88–34.14) |
| Systemic hypertension | 4 (3.28) | 17 (1.85) | 0.299 | 1.80 (0.59–5.43) | 0.289 | 2.66 (0.80–8.83) |