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. 2022 Jan 21;12:780095. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.780095

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Copyright © 2022 Kaiser, Reneman, Solleveld, Coolen, Scherder, Knutsson, Bjørnerud, van Osch, Wijnen, Lucassen and Schrantee.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Study methods: (A) Participants were enrolled in a 12-week low- (active control) and high-intensity exercise intervention. Several measures, including a cardiorespiratory fitness test (VO₂max), and peripheral growth factors (blood sampling) were conducted before (PRE) and after (POST) the exercise intervention. Additionally, HR, exercise frequency, and exercise questionnaires were collected during the intervention. Furthermore, several MRI measures were collected before and after the exercise regime: (B) T1- and T2-weighted scans were conducted at 7T for segmentation purposes. (C) Single voxel spectroscopy was conducted at 7T in the dACC (left) and left hippocampus (right). (D) T1-mapping using a steady-state contrast-enhanced method was conducted at 3T to derive CBV and R1. (E) A pCASL sequence was used at 3T to obtain CBF values.