Table 3.
Risks factors associated with SJS/TEN: univariate and multivariate analyses in a nested case–control study, Clalit, 2008–19
| Characteristic | Adult SJS/TEN cases (n = 87) n (%) |
Controls (n = 1740) n (%) |
OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjustedb OR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean, years (range)a | 56.96 ± 19.7 (20–88) | 56.94 ± 19.6 (20–89) | – | 0.990 | – | – |
| Sex, femalea | 55 (63.2) | 1100 (63.2) | – | > 0.99 | – | – |
| Obesity (BMI >30) | 34 (39.1) | 437 (25.1) | 2.01 (1.26–3.19) | 0.003 | – | – |
| Smoking (ever) | 33 (37.9) | 581 (33.4) | 1.25 (0.78–1.99) | 0.359 | – | – |
| Hyperlipidemia | 45 (51.7) | 903 (51.9) | 0.99 (0.57–1.71) | 0.968 | – | – |
| Hypertension | 38 (43.7) | 626 (36.0) | 1.74 (0.97–3.12) | 0.062 | – | – |
| Diabetes mellitus | 26 (29.9) | 311 (17.9) | 2.23 (1.31–3.80) | 0.003 | 1.98 (1.12–3.53) | 0.020 |
| Malignancy | 26 (29.9) | 208 (12.0) | 3.69 (2.18–6.27) | < 0.0001 | 3.17 (1.77–5.66) | < 0.0001 |
| Hypothyroidism | 15 (17.2) | 168 (9.7) | 2.03 (1.12–3.71) | 0.021 | – | – |
| S/P cerebrovascular accident | 15 (17.2) | 102 (5.9) | 3.82 (2.01–7.27) | < 0.0001 | 2.61 (1.26–5.41) | 0.010 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 14 (16.1) | 228 (13.1) | 1.35 (0.70–2.61) | 0.378 | – | – |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11 (12.6) | 102 (5.9) | 2.62 (1.27–5.40) | 0.009 | – | – |
| Epilepsy/convulsions | 8 (9.2) | 24 (1.4) | 7.17 (3.13–16.42) | < 0.0001 | 4.92 (1.88–12.85) | 0.001 |
| Psoriasis | 7 (8.0) | 21 (1.2) | 7.85 (3.11–19.3) | < 0.0001 | 10.28 (3.61–29.31) | < 0.0001 |
| SLE | 2 (2.3) | 1 (0.1) | 40.0 (3.60–441.3) | 0.003 | 17.41 (1.31–230.72) | 0.030 |
| S/P bone marrow transplantation | 2 (2.3) | 0 | NA | 0.002 | NA | – |
| Previous allergy to any medicine | 28 (32.2) | 148 (8.5) | 5.59 (3.39–9.23) | < 0.0001 | 5.21 (2.95–9.19) | < 0.0001 |
BMI body mass index, SJS Stevens–Johnson syndrome, TEN toxic epidermal necrolysis, NA not available, OR odds ratio, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, S/P status post
aMatching variables
bUsing multivariable models with a forward-selection algorithm; SLE, psoriasis, previous allergy to any medicine, epilepsy, malignancy, S/P CVA, and diabetes mellitus retained in the model