AA	amyloid A
ACE	angiotensin-converting enzyme
ARDS	acute respiratory distress syndrome
CARS	compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome
CCR	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand receptor
COVID-19	coronavirus disease-2019
CRP	c-reactive protein
CS	cytokine storm
CT	computerized tomography
CTL	cytotoxic T lymphocyte
CXCR	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand receptor
COX	cyclooxygenase
DAMP	damage-associated molecular pattern
DIC	disseminated intravascular coagulation
FasL	fas ligand
GM-CSF	granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
GrZB	granzyme B
HDL	high-density lipoproteins
HLA	human leukocyte antigen
ICU	intensive care units
IFN	interferon
IL	interleukin
IgE	immunoglobulin E
IS	immunosuppression
ISG	induction of IFN-stimulated gene
ISS	injury severity score
iTreg	inducible regulatory T
LDL	low-density lipoproteins
LWR	lymphocyte-to-WBCs ratio
MOF	multiple organ failure
M2MQ	type 2 macrophages
NETs	neutrophil extracellular traps
NK	natural killer
NLR	neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio
nTreg	inducible regulatory T
PCT	procalcitonin
PD-1	programmed cell death protein-1
PICS	persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome
PLR	platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios
PT	prothrombin time
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RT-qPCR	real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction
SAA	serum amyloid A
SARS-CoV	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
SIRS	systemic inflammatory response syndrome
TBI	traumatic brain injury
TGF	transforming growth factor
Th	helper T cell
Tim-3	T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3
TLR	toll-like receptor
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor
Treg	regulatory T cells
TxA2	thromboxane A2
WBC	white blood cell