Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics stratified by sex and trauma group.
| Characteristic | fMRI Data Set (n=67) | Female (n=24) | Male (n=43) | P-Valueb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trauma Absent (n=8) | Trauma Present (n=16) | Trauma Absent (n=19) | Trauma Present (n=24) | ||||
| Demographics | |||||||
| Age (yrs) | 41.9 (9.7) | 41.5 (10.7) | 38.6 (8.3) | 45.3 (7.8) | 41.6 (11.2) | 0.19 | |
| Female % (n) | 35.8 (24) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Cigarette Smoker % (n) | 76.1 (51) | 87.5 (7) | 68.8 (11) | 73.7 (14) | 79.2 (19) | 0.75 | |
| African American % (n) | 70.2 (47) | 50.0 (4) | 62.5 (10) | 84.2 (16) | 70.8 (17) | 0.28 | |
| Caucasian % (n) | 29.9 (20) | 50.0 (4) | 37.5 (6) | 15.8 (3) | 29.2 (7) | ||
| Cocaine Use Characteristics | |||||||
| Age at 1st Use | 21.1 (6.2) | 22.7 (7.4) | 21.0 (5.3) | 22.1 (8.5) | 20.0 (4.2) | 0.73 | |
| Total Years of Use | 16.4 (8.2) | 16.6 (7.8) | 13.9 (8.0) | 18.7 (7.9) | 16.2 (8.6) | 0.38 | |
| Age at Dependence Onset | 28.8 (8.8) | 29.7 (11.3) | 26.4 (6.5) | 31.2 (10.1) | 28.0 (8.2) | 0.58 | |
| Using Days per Month | 18.0 (7.8) | 16.8 (8.1) | 17.7 (8.7) | 19.8 (7.7) | 17.2 (7.5) | 0.65 | |
| Baseline Trauma and Subjective Measures | |||||||
| CTQ Total Score | 46.0 (2.6) | 28.5 (4.4) | 61.8 (17.3) | 30.2 (3.0) | 53.7 (12.4) | <0.01 | |
| Trauma Present Group n (%) | 61.2 (41) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Cravinga | 2.8 (2.6) | 3.0 (2.2) | 2.7 (2.9) | 3.1 (2.6) | 2.7 (2.6) | 0.89 | |
| Stressa | 2.3 (2.4) | 1.4 (1.8) | 2.0 (2.5) | 2.5 (2.4) | 2.7 (2.6) | 0.53 | |
| Anxietya | 2.5 (2.3) | 2.3 (1.9) | 2.4 (2.7) | 2.5 (2.5) | 2.6 (2.2) | 0.96 | |
a
Craving, stress, and anxiety ratings measured on fMRI study day 1 prior to tasks.
b
Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared across gender and trauma groups using a Kruskal-Wallis test statistic for continuous data and a Chi-Squared test statistic for categorical data.