Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Characteristic | Radiocephalic Arteriovenous Fistula, 557 | Upper Arm Arteriovenous Fistula, 378 | Arteriovenous Graft, 106 |
| Sex | |||
| Men | 392 (70.4%) | 199 (52.6%) | 44 (42.5%) |
| Women | 165 (29.6%) | 179 (47.4%) | 62 (58.5%) |
| Follow-up duration, mo | 28.6±30.1 | 24.2±21.4 | 33.5±28.7 |
| Patient age, yr | 62.7±15.0 | 63.4±14.4 | 65.4±14.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.0±5.8 | 26.3±6.0 | 27.7±6.7 |
| Preemptive | 318 (57.1%) | 186 (49.2%) | 61 (57.5%) |
| Preoperative vein diameter (lumen), mm | 2.9±0.8 | 3.7±1.3 | 4.0±1.5 |
| Preoperative artery diameter (lumen), mm | 2.6±0.5 | 4.1±0.8 | 4.4±0.9 |
| Ipsilateral CVC | 72 (12.9%) | 69 (18.3%) | 8 (7.5%) |
| Cause of renal failure | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 117 (21.0%) | 93 (24.6%) | 37 (34.9%) |
| Renal vascular disease | 128 (23.0%) | 76 (20.1%) | 27 (25.5%) |
| Cystic kidney disease | 44 (7.9%) | 20 (5.3%) | 4 (3.8%) |
| GN | 60 (10.8%) | 34 (9.0%) | 5 (4.7%) |
| Congenital/hereditary | 16 (2.9%) | 12 (3.2%) | 2 (1.9%) |
| Interstitial nephropathy | 35 (6.3%) | 21 (5.6%) | 5 (4.7%) |
| Multisystem disease | 25 (4.5%) | 20 (5.3%) | 3 (2.8%) |
| Other | 70 (12.6%) | 59 (15.6%) | 11 (10.4%) |
| Unknown | 62 (11.1%) | 43 (11.4%) | 12 (11.3%) |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 205 (36.8%) | 150 (39.7%) | 66 (62.3%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 153 (27.5%) | 105 (27.8%) | 32 (30.2%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 105 (18.9%) | 76 (20.1%) | 21 (19.8%) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 83 (14.9%) | 58 (15.3%) | 15 (14.2%) |
Numbers denote mean ± SD for continuous variables or count (percentage) for categorical variables. BMI, body mass index; CVC, central venous catheter.