Table 2.
Procedure characteristics
| All patients (n = 9497)a | |
| Severity of the procedure, n (%) | |
| Major | 3938 (41.5) |
| Intermediate | 3612 (38.0) |
| Minor | 1947 (20.5) |
| Urgency of the intervention, n (%) | |
| Elective | 7176 (75.6) |
| Urgent | 1842 (19.4) |
| Emergency | 479 (5.0) |
| Category of intervention, n (%) | |
| Orthopaedic, trauma, and plastic | 2860 (30.1) |
| ENT and Opthalmic | 1594 (16.8) |
| Gynaecologic and urological | 1437 (15.1) |
| Abdominal | 1149 (12.1) |
| Nonsurgical procedureb | 1026 (10.8) |
| Cardiovascular and thoracic | 896 (9.4) |
| Other | 338 (3.6) |
| Neurosurgery | 196 (2.1) |
| Transplant | 1 (0.0) |
| Planned kind of procedure, n (%) | |
| Inpatient intervention | 7562 (79.6) |
| Outpatient intervention | 1935 (20.4) |
| Premedication before intervention, n (%)c | |
| None | 7936 (83.7) |
| Benzodiazepine | 1521 (16.0) |
| Clonidine | 30 (0.3) |
| Anaesthesia technique, n (%) | |
| General | 5052 (53.2) |
| Sedation | 1755 (18.5) |
| Regionald | 1628 (17.1) |
| Combinede | 1062 (11.2) |
| Duration of anaesthesia, median [IQR], minc | 90.0 [48.0 to 142.0] |
| Duration of anaesthesia, mean (SD), minc | 109.8 (89.1) |
| Use of any advanced intra-operative monitoring, n (%)c | 3336 (35.1) |
| Intra-arterial blood pressure measurement | 1675 (17.6) |
| Anaesthesia depth monitoring device | 1443 (15.2) |
| Other | 577 (6.1) |
| Central venous pressure | 517 (5.4) |
| Near-infrared spectroscopy | 389 (4.1) |
| Transoesophageal echocardiogram | 190 (2.0) |
| Cardiac output | 117 (1.2) |
| Pulmonary artery catheter | 54 (0.6) |
| Transfusion of plasma during surgeryc | 141 (1.5) |
| Transfusion of platelets during surgeryc | 64 (0.7) |
| Transfusion of red blood cells during surgeryc | 575 (6.1) |
| Use and completion of a safe surgery checklist (e.g. WHO-safe surgery checklist)c | |
| Yes | 7079 (74.7) |
| No | 2402 (25.3) |
| Extubation at the end of surgeryf | |
| Yes | 4997 (91.0) |
| No | 496 (9.0) |
ENT, Ear nose and throat; IQR, interquartile range, SD, standard deviation; WHO, World Health Organisation.
Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding.
Examples for nonsurgical interventions: radiological such as kyphoplasty, neuroradiological, cardiological or gastroenterological such as gastrointestinal stenting.
Missing data: premedication before intervention, n = 10; duration of anaesthesia, n = 22; use of any advanced intra-operative monitoring, n = 2; transfusion of plasma, platelets or red blood cells during surgery, respectively, n = 1; use and completion of a safe surgery checklist, n = 16.
Regional anaesthesia comprises the epidural, spinal or other regional anaesthesia technique.
Combined anaesthesia is defined as a combination of at least two of the three categories: general anaesthesia, sedation, or regional anaesthesia.
Applicable cases/ missing data: extubation at the end of surgery, n = 5493/n = 2.