Table 1. Clinical and laboratory features of 191 adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU and stratified according to presence of ICU-acquired secondary infections.
| All patients (n = 191) | Patients with secondary infections (n = 57) | Patients without secondary infections (n = 134) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 70.5 [58.5 – 80.1] | 73.3 [63.6 – 77.5] | 56.2 [45.5 – 78.1] | 0.9270 |
| Male | 116 (60.7%) | 38 (66.7%) | 78 (58.2%) | 0.2730 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.0 [25.0 – 33.0] | 31.0 [26.0 – 35.0] | 30.0 [27.0 – 35.0] | 0.1240 |
| eGRF (on admission) (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 67.9 ± 30.0 | 72.7 ± 31.8 | 80.0 ± 33.3 | 0.0540 |
| Δ symptoms-hospitalization (days) due to COVID-19 | 7.0 [4.0 – 9.0] | 6.0 [4.0 – 8.0] | 7.0 [5.0 – 8.0] | 0.0310 |
| SAPS 3 | 45.0 [29.0 – 71.0] | 75.0 [53.0 – 82.0] | 48.0 [40.0 – 71.0] | 0.0001 |
| CRP levels (mg/L) | 10.0 [6.0 – 21.0] | 18.0 [7.0 – 26.0] | 14.0 [7.0 – 25.0] | 0.0070 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Systemic arterial hypertension | 122 (63.9%) | 39 (68.4%) | 83 (61.9%) | 0.3940 |
| Diabetes | 72 (37.7%) | 16 (28.1%) | 56 (41.8%) | 0.0730 |
| Asthma | 8 (4.2%) | 1 (1.8%) | 7 (5.2%) | 0.2730 |
| COPD | 14 (7.3%) | 2 (3.5%) | 12 (9.0%) | 0.1860 |
| Coronary disease | 22 (11.5%) | 7 (12.3%) | 15 (11.2%) | 0.8300 |
| Ventricular dysfunction | 12 (6.2%) | 4 (7.1%) | 8 (5.9%) | 0.3970 |
| Cancer | 12 (6.2%) | 3 (5.3%) | 9 (6.7%) | 0.7050 |
| Use of corticosteroids in the ICU | 34 (24.3%) | 16 (34.8%) | 18 (19.1%) | 0.0430 |
| Complications | ||||
| ARDS mild | 21 (11.0%) | 8 (14.0%) | 13 (9.7%) | 0.3810 |
| ARDS moderate and severe | 98 (51.3%) | 47 (82.4%) | 51 (38.0%) | 0.0001 |
| Hemodialysis | 55 (28.8%) | 33 (57.9%) | 22 (16.4%) | 0.0001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 115 (60.2%) | 56 (98.2%) | 59 (44.0%) | 0.0001 |
| Use of vasopressors | 109 (57.4%) | 56 (98.2%) | 53 (39.8%) | 0.0001 |
| VTE | 30 (15.7%) | 13 (22.8%) | 17 (12.7%) | 0.0790 |
| Hospitalization data | ||||
| Length of ICU stay (days) | 9.5 [3.2 – 26.0] | 40.0 [30.0 – 46.0] | 17.0 [11.0 – 26.0] | 0.0001 |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (days) | 13.0 [8.0 – 24.2] | 24.0 [11.0 – 29.0] | 9.0 [5.0 – 15.0] | 0.0030 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 14.5 [9.0 – 32.0] | 48.0 [33.0 – 54.0] | 24.0 [18.0 – 36.0] | 0.0001 |
| Death | 68 (35.6%) | 27 (47.4%) | 41 (30.6%) | 0.0270 |
ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome; BMI = body mass index; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP = C-reactive protein; eGRF = estimated glomerular rate filtration; SAPS 3 = Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3; VTE = venous thromboembolism.