Figure 10.

ER stress and UPR signaling in the pancreas of ADH⁻ and ADH⁺ deer mice fed chronic EtOH, chronic plus binge EtOH, and chronic plus single binge EtOH and FAEEs. Representative immunoblots along with respective bar diagram show expression levels of GRP78 (A), p-IRE1α/IRE1α (B), sXBP1/uXBP1 (C), p-PERK (D), p-EIF2α/EIF2α (E), and CHOP (F). For the A, C, D, and F, the same β-actin blot was reused as the target proteins expressed in a single blot were normalized to the corresponding β-actin. Similarly, for B and E, same β-actin blot was reused as loading control. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, and presented as means ± SE (n = 4 replicates). *P ≤ 0.05 chronic EtOH-fed group and chronic plus binge EtOH-fed group vs. pair-fed control diet group. #P ≤ 0.05 chronic plus single binge EtOH and FAEEs-fed group vs. control diet plus FAEEs-fed group and †P ≤ 0.05 chronic plus binge EtOH and FAEEs-fed group vs. chronic EtOH-fed group, respectively. ADH⁻, alcohol dehydrogenase deficient; C, pair-fed control diet group; CF, control diet plus FAEEs-fed group; E, chronic EtOH-fed group; EB, chronic plus binge EtOH-fed group; EBF, chronic plus binge EtOH with FAEEs-fed group; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FAEEs, fatty acid ethyl esters; UPR, unfolded protein response.