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. 2022 Feb 1;7(1):586–601. doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.12.012

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Top-down (A) and bottom-up (B) approaches for synthetic consortia construction. In top down approach, the consortium members are isolated from complex microbial community, while in bottom up approach, consortium member are ascribed to specific traits and selected from pool of engineered microorganisms.