Table 1.
Parent psychological distress scores (Kessler-6) and family financial difficulty scores by parent characteristics
| Kessler-6 Score | Financial Difficulty | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parents’ Characteristics (n = 601) | No. (%) | Mean (SD) | P-value | M (SD) | P-value | |
| Parent type | Mother | 476 (79.2) | 7.7 (5.1) | 0.756 | 1.6 (1.4) | 0.229 |
| Father | 125 (20.8) | 7.5 (5.0) | 1.4 (1.4) | |||
| Age | Years, Mean (standard deviation; SD) | 37.9 (9.5) | 0.169b | 0.119b | ||
| Missing | 1 | |||||
| Race | White | 459 (76.5) | 7.7 (5.0) | 1.5 (1.3) | ||
| Black | 52 (8.7) | 8.0 (5.6) | 2.0 (1.6) | |||
| Asian | 29 (4.8) | 7.3 (5.7) | 0.934 | 1.3 (1.4) | 0.024 | |
| American Indian | 21 (3.5) | 8.3 (5.7) | 2.2 (1.1) | |||
| Other | 26 (4.3) | 8.1 (5.9) | 1.7 (1.6) | |||
| Prefer not to answer/missinga | 14 (2.3) | 5.0 (0.0) | 1.4 (1.6) | |||
| Ethnicity | Non-Hispanic | 520 (86.5) | 7.6 (5.1) | 1.5 (1.3) | ||
| Hispanic | 71 (11.8) | 8.1 (5.5) | 0.718 | 1.9 (1.5) | 0.052 | |
| Missinga | 10 (1.7) | 8.3 (4.7) | 1.3 (1.3) | |||
| Highest Education Level | ||||||
| Completed | High school/General Educational Diploma | 88 (14.6) | 7.5 (5.4) | 2.3 (1.4) | ||
| Trade/technical/vocational/some college | 234 (38.9) | 7.6 (5.3) | 0.842 | 1.6 (1.3) | <0.001 | |
| College/graduate school | 276 (45.9) | 7.8 (4.8) | 1.2 (1.2) | |||
| Preferred not to answera | 3 (0.5) | 10.0 (6.6) | 2.5 (2.1) | |||
| Relationship Status | Married/partnered | 458 (76.2) | 7.6 (5.1) | 1.3 (1.3) | ||
| Separated/divorced/widowed | 53 (8.8) | 6.9 (4.5) | 0.122 | 2.3 (1.2) | <0.001 | |
| Single | 76 (12.7) | 8.8 (5.6) | 2.4 (1.3) | |||
| Prefer not to answer/other/missinga | 14 (2.3) | 6.7 (5.5) | 1.7 (1.4) | |||
| Number of Other Children | 0 | 119 (22.4) | 7.6 (5.3) | 1.2 (1.3) | ||
| 1 to 4 | 379 (71.2) | 7.5 (5.0) | 0.582 | 1.6 (1.4) | <0.001 | |
| 5 or more | 32 (6.0) | 8.3 (5.8) | 2.5 (1.5) | |||
| Missinga | 2 (0.4) | 11.5 (3.5) | 1.0 (1.4) | |||
| Employment Status | Full time | 213 (35.4) | 7.5 (5.2) | 1.3 (1.2) | ||
| Part time | 60 (10.0) | 7.2 (4.4) | 1.5 (1.4) | |||
| Not employed/Looking for employment | 7 (1.2) | 7.9 (4.9) | 1.6 (1.5) | |||
| Not employed/Not looking for employment | 111 (18.5) | 7.4 (5.1) | 0.405 | 1.9 (1.4) | <0.001 | |
| Homemaker | 113 (18.8) | 7.6 (5.0) | 1.4 (1.3) | |||
| On leave for child’s illness | 91 (15.1) | 8.8 (5.7) | 1.8 (1.5) | |||
| Preferred not to answera | 6 (1.0) | 6.7 (2.3) | 2.0 (1.2) | |||
a
For statistical testing purposes, the “prefer not to answer (etc.)” cells were omitted.
b
These statistical test regarding the association of increasing age with the scores.