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. 2022 Feb 4;12:1940. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05850-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparative genomics of L. plantarum strains for the presence of genes encoding proteins related to lactose utilization, adhesion, metabolism of phenolics, and vitamin biosynthesis. BLASTp results depicted as heatmaps with grey color denoting no hit and pink to dark purple gradation denoting presence of genes with 50%-100% identity with the query sequences. (a) Lac operon, LacS: lactose and galactose permease, LacA: β-galactosidase, LacR: lactose transport regulator. (b) Cell-adhesion related proteins, CwaA (cell wall-anchored adhesion-associated protein), MucBP (mucin-binding protein), MapA (mucus adhesion-promoting protein), FbpA (fibronectin-binding protein A), Msa (mannose-specific adhesin), Mub (mucus-binding protein precursor), Msl (mannose-specific lectin), and Cbp (collagen-binding protein). See Table S3 for the details of the proteins used as the query sequences. (c) Esterases characterized from L. plantarum, Lp_2945 (Gallate decarboxylase from WCFS1), Lp_2956 (Tannase from WCFS1, Lp_0796 (Esterase from WCFS1), EFK29314 (Tannase from ATCC14917) and JDM1_1092 (Esterase from JDM1). (d) Riboflavin and (e) folate biosynthesis proteins, adapted from³⁶.