Table 1.
Characteristic of participants
| Variables | All Mean ± SD or median or n (%) |
Male Mean ± SD or median or n (%) |
Female Mean ± SD or median or n (%) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 66 (40–92) | 66 (40–91) | 68 (41–92) | 0.173 |
| BSA | 1.65 (1.32–2.14) | 1.70 (1.35–2.14) | 1.52 (1.32–1.96) | 0.000 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 161 (39.5%) | 157 (60.2%) | 4 (2.7%) | 0.000 |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 86 (21.1%) | 85 (32.6%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0.000 |
| SBP, mmHg | 149.3 ± 24.6 | 146.2 ± 24.2 | 154.9 ± 24.5 | 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 83.3 ± 13.7 | 82.9 ± 14.0 | 83.8 ± 13.2 | 0.533 |
| CAD, n (%) | 175 (42.9%) | 132 (50.6%) | 43 (29.3%) | 0.000 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 268 (65.7%) | 160 (61.3%) | 108 (73.5%) | 0.013 |
| DM, n (%) | 97 (23.8%) | 55 (21.1%) | 42 (28.6%) | 0.088 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 24 (5.9%) | 16 (6.1%) | 8 (5.4%) | 0.777 |
| Cerebral infarction, n (%) | 183 (44.9%) | 107 (41%) | 76 (51.7%) | 0.037 |
| COPD, n (%) | 15 (3.7%) | 14 (5.4%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0.016 |
| Carotid atherosclerosis, n (%) | 251 (61.5%) | 164 (62.8%) | 87 (59.2%) | 0.467 |
| Carotid artery stenosis, n (%) | 50 (12.3%) | 35 (13.4%) | 15 (10.2%) | 0.344 |
| Aortic sclerosis, n (%) | 146 (35.8%) | 101 (38.7%) | 45 (30.6%) | 0.102 |
| CIMT, mm | 1.50 (0.5–6.7) | 1.70 (0.6–6.7) | 1.30 (0.5–5.0) | 0.000 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.47 (0.35–8.87) | 1.35 (0.43–8.87) | 1.6 (0.35–8.51) | 0.010 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.40 (0.52–8.58) | 4.25 (0.52–7.95) | 4.62 (2.34–8.58) | 0.000 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.19 (0.54–2.40) | 1.15 (0.64–2.32) | 1.26 (0.54–2.40) | 0.000 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.49 (0.87–6.47) | 2.41 (0.87–5.81) | 2.66 (1.01–6.47) | 0.003 |
| Lipoprotein (a), mg/L | 194 (15–1398) | 186 (24–1214) | 213 (15–1398) | 0.889 |
| CRP, mg/L | 4.1 (1–189) | 4.3 (1–164) | 3.4 (1–189) | 0.254 |
| WBC count | 6.6 (3–19.2) | 6.63 (3–19.2) | 6.4 (3.6–17.3) | 0.174 |
| Platelet count | 207 (68–576) | 193 (68–424) | 234 (81–576) | 0.000 |
| RBC | 4.4 (2.1–15.9) | 4.5 (2.1–15.9) | 4.2 (3.07–5.65) | 0.000 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 132 (66–188) | 138 (66–188) | 126 (85–152) | 0.000 |
| Statin agent, n (%) | 103 (25.2%) | 67 (25.7%) | 36 (24.5%) | 0.792 |
| Anti-platelets agent, n (%) | 222 (54.4%) | 150 (57.5%) | 72 (49%) | 0.099 |
| Anti-hypertension agent, n (%) | 194 (47.5%) | 118 (45.2%) | 76 (51.7%) | 0.208 |
| Hypoglycemic agent, n (%) | 56 (13.7%) | 29 (11.1%) | 27 (18.4%) | 0.041 |
Statistical differences: P < 0.05
BSA body surface area, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, CAD coronary artery disease, DM diabetes mellitus, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CIMT carotid intima-media thickness, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CRP C-reaction protein, WBC white blood cell