Table 2.

Multivariable-adjusted associations of Adipokines with CAC progression (retrospectively assessed)

	Odds Ratio (95% CI)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 2b	Model 3	Model 3b
Leptin
Tertile 1	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Tertile 2	1.37 (1.06, 1.77)	1.24 (0.94, 1.64)	1.14 (0.82, 1.60)	1.16 (0.87, 1.54)	1.10 (0.77, 1.55)
Tertile 3	1.99 (1.48, 2.69)	1.60 (1.10, 2.33)	1.32 (0.84, 2.09)	1.46 (0.99, 2.15)	1.24 (0.77, 1.99)
Resistin
Tertile 1	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Tertile 2	1.20 (0.94, 1.53)	1.17 (0.91, 1.50)	1.09 (0.81, 1.46)	1.16 (0.90, 1.51)	1.09 (0.81, 1.47)
Tertile 3	1.26 (0.99, 1.62)	1.20 (0.93, 1.55)	1.13 (0.84, 1.53)	1.21 (0.92,1.58)	1.18 (0.86, 1.62)
Adiponectin
Tertile 1	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Tertile 2	0.92 (0.72, 1.18)	0.99 (0.77, 1.28)	1.03 (0.76, 1.42)	1.03 (0.79, 1.35)	1.05 (0.76, 1.46)
Tertile 3	0.71 (0.54, 0.93)	0.85 (0.64, 1.13)	0.98 (0.69, 1.39)	0.92 (0.67, 1.25)	1.01 (0.69, 1.46)

Adipokines and covariates were obtained at MESA visits 2 or 3 (randomly assigned) which was the baseline for this analysis.

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) progressors between first and second CT scans (median 2.4 years) were defined as participants with >0 Agatston units of change per year (and compared to non-progressor i.e. participants with ≤0 Agatston units of change per year between CT scans).

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity and study site

Model 2: model 1 + education, physical activity, smoking, pack-years of smoking and body mass index.

Model 2b: Model 2 + visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT).

Model 3: model 2 + systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, lipid-lowing medication, diabetes mellitus, and estimated glomerular filtrate rate.

Model 3b: Model 3: VAT and SAT.

Results in bold font indicate statistical significance at p <0.05.