Figure 5. The microbiota orchestrates regenerative events in the BM via short-chain fatty acid butyrate.
(A–B) BM cellularity, neutrophils, Lin− cells, and HSCs in control, Tlr4−/−, Tlr2 −/− and LysM-Cre/Myd88fl/fl mice at day 12 after 5FU challenge (n = 5–14). See also Figure S5G–J for additional mouse models and the LPS add-back experiment.
(C–E) RBC phagocytosis by bone marrow-derived macrophages ex vivo in the presence of microbial metabolites or HDAC inhibitors (n = 7–9). See also Figure S6A and S6B.
(F–G) RBC phagocytosis in control, ABX-treated and ABX-treated mice supplemented with butyrate, in the early phase of regeneration (day 3–5; n = 6–8). See also Figure S6E for gene expression analyses.
(H–K) BM iron levels, neutrophils, Lin− cells, HSCs, and long-term reconstitution following BMT in control, ABX-treated and ABX-treated mice supplemented with butyrate, at day 12 after 5FU treatment (n = 6–16). See also Figure S6F–H.
* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; ns, not significant. Error bars, mean ± SEM.