Table 1.

Psychotherapy Effect Sizes as a Function of Anti-Black Cultural Racism in Studies with Majority-Black Samples

Variable		β	SE	95% CI	Moderator t-test (t-value)
Unadjusted model: Anti-Black cultural racism without covariates		−0.21	0.07	[−0.34, −0.08]	−3.20**
Adjusted model: Anti-Black cultural racism with covariates		−0.20	0.08	[−0.35, −0.04]	−2.43*
White population density		−0.11	0.07	[−0.24, 0.02]	−1.64
Black population density		0.03	0.06	[−0.08, 0.14]	0.51
Poverty		−0.04	0.08	[−0.12, 0.19]	0.43
Targeted problem (internalizing)		0.27	0.10	[0.07, .047]	2.62**
Categorical Moderator Analysis
Anti-Black cultural racism [range]	k	Predicted g	SE	95% CI	Moderator t-test (t−value)
Lowest [−0.96, −0.37]	100	0.60	0.11	[0.39, 0.81]	5.60***
Highest [1.11, 1.15]	132	0.19	0.07	[0.05, 0.34]	2.65**

Note: Predicted effect sizes (predicted g) are given at the minimum, median, and maximum values observed in the data. Results were produced using (1) random-effects meta-regression models excluding the intercept and including the “factor” function in the R metafor package, and (2) Knapp and Hartung adjusted t−tests.⁴⁸ A significant moderator t−test result indicates that the effect for the anti-Black cultural racism level is significant after adjusting for the other levels. White and Black population density, defined as state-level population density multiplied by the proportion of White and Black state residents, respectively, were obtained from the American Community Survey and averaged over the years 20002010. State poverty, defined as the percentage of state residents living below the federal poverty level, was obtained from the Current Population Survey and also averaged over the years 2000–2010. Targeted problem is a binary variable representing whether a study intervention targeted internalizing or externalizing problems. The beta coefficient here represents studies targeting internalizing problems, compared to studies targeting externalizing problems. k = number of effect sizes in each category.

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001