Fig. 3.

Flow cytometric analysis of cell surface antigen on PMA- or cytokine-treated THP-1 cells. THP-1 cells were treated with (A) phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 2 days, or (B) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 5 days or GM-CSF, IL-4, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) for 7 days. CD11b, CD11c, CD14, CD80, and CD86 on the cell surface were measured by flow cytometry as described in Materials and Methods. The data are expressed as percentages of the values for untreated control THP-1 cells. The data are presented as mean ± S.D. (n = 3) and asterisks indicate significance compared with untreated control cells (*p＜0.05, **p＜0.01; two-tailed one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) with post hoc Dunnett's multiple comparison test).