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. 2022 Jan 24;13:794974. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.794974

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Representative immunohistochemistry of CD31 or VEGFA in the normal skin (A, E, I), compound nevi (B, F, J), dysplastic nevi (C, G, K), and melanomas (D, H, L) tissue sections. Micrographs (A–D) and morphometric analysis (M, N) show a significative gradual increased microvascular density calculated as both percentages of CD31 immunolabeling positivity and the number of the CD31+ blood vessels in melanoma lesions compared to premalignant ones and normal skin. Micrographs (E–L) and morphometric analysis (O) show a significative gradual increased VEGFA expression in both cells of tumor mass (E–H) and surrounding blood vessels (I–L) in melanoma lesions compared to premalignant ones and normal skin. The lack of VEGFA expression is evident by the epidermis cells in the normal skin (E), while a faint signal is present around the blood vessels (I). Linear regression analysis shows positive relationships between VEGFA expression by tumor cells or by cells surrounding blood vessels and CD31 (P) [For VEGFA by tumor cells: y=9.929x-0.08029; R2 = 0.8095; p ≤ 0.0001. For VEGFA expression by cells surrounded blood vessels: y=4.407x-0.0225; R2 = 0.8117; p ≤ 0.0001]. Data are reported as means ± SD, and Tukey post-test was used to compare all groups after one-way ANOVA. Statistical significance: ns, not significative; *p ≤ 0.05; **p≤ 0.01; ****p ≤ 0.0001. Scale bar: 60 μm.