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. 2022 Jan 24;11:781968. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.781968

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Copyright © 2022 Shilts, Rosas-Salazar, Strickland, Kimura, Asad, Sehanobish, Freeman, Wessinger, Gupta, Brown, Boone, Patel, Barbi, Bottalico, O’Neill, Akbar, Rajagopala, Mallal, Phillips, Turner, Jerschow and Das

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Stacked bar charts of the relative abundance of the 12 most abundant amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) are shown for each study participant. The most abundant ASV, Staphylococcus_unclassified.ASV0001, was abundant both in uninfected controls and participants with the full range of COVID-19 severities. The second most abundant ASV, Corynebacterium_unclassified.ASV0002, was highly abundant in uninfected control participants and those with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, but was of low abundance in those with severe or very severe COVID-19. (B) A principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot of the Bray–Curtis dissimilarities over the first two axes is shown. Dots represent individual data points and diamonds show the centroids. The 90% confidence data ellipses are shown for each of the COVID-19 severity groups. Overall, microbial community composition was significantly dissimilar among the severity groups (P < 0.001).