Table 2. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis of Associations between Covariates and Renal Function.

Independent variables		Dependent variable: eGFR
		Men			Women
		β	SE	p value*	β	SE	p value*
Age ≥50 years (n=8223)
	Age	-0.761	0.030	<0.001†	-0.923	0.025	<0.001†
	BMI	-0.809	0.085	<0.001†	-0.160	0.065	0.014†
	High education	-2.731	0.487	<0.001†	-2.136	0.511	<0.001†
	Current smoker	1.276	0.497	0.011†	-1.155	0.944	0.222
	Heavy drinker	2.294	0.632	<0.001†	3.772	1.020	<0.001†
	Physically active subjects	0.826	0.546	0.131	0.149	0.449	0.741
	LS BMD–FN BMD	-1.475	0.249	<0.001†	-1.564	0.219	<0.001†
Age <50 years (n=9083)
	Age	-0.723	0.029	<0.001†	-0.797	0.025	<0.001†
	BMI	-0.221	0.073	0.003†	-0.007	0.052	0.888
	High education	-2.271	0.858	0.008†	-1.181	0.557	0.034
	Current smoker	1.388	0.441	0.002†	0.939	0.706	0.184
	Heavy drinker	1.684	0.489	0.001†	0.938	0.731	0.200
	Physically active subjects	-0.193	0.478	0.687	-0.467	0.417	0.264
	LS BMD–FN BMD	-0.281	0.249	0.258	-0.229	0.224	0.307

BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMD, bone mineral density; LS, lumbar spine; FN, femur neck.

p value for difference in the effect of LS BMD–FN BMD according to sex=0.735.

^*Wald test, ^†Statistically significant difference.