Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Feb 4;7(1):e000924. doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000924

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Examples of incorrect predictions with corresponding saliency maps (centre column) and GradCAM++ (right column) visualisation for each class. The heatmaps show examples of erroneous classifications and false positives. (A–C) The model assigns an image of diabetic retinopathy (DR) to the retinal vein occlusion (RVO) category. (D–F) The model erroneously assigned an image of RVO to the DR category. (G–I) The model mistakenly classified an image of DR to the healthy category. (J–L) The model classified an image from a healthy control as DR.