FIGURE 3.

Actions of GLP‐1 on (a) endothelial cells and (b) bone. (a) GLP‐1 triggers a signalling cascade inside endothelial cells to mediate vasodilation and reduce atherosclerosis, to collectively improve cardiovascular health. (b) GLP‐1 binds to its receptor (GLP‐1R) on bone marrow stromal cells to activate intracellular signalling cascades that prevent the breakdown of B‐catenin. This augments gene expression to favour differentiation of the bone marrow stromal cell into pre‐osteoblasts, rather than pre‐adipocytes, and increase bone formation