All JSLE patients (A), the Tregs high group (%Tregs ≥ 0.9, n = 30) and Tregs low group (%Tregs < 0.9, n = 30) were stratified by the median percentage of Tregs in all JSLE patients at enrollment. Treatment-naïve JSLE patients (B), the Tregs high group (%Tregs ≥ 1.7, n = 11) and Tregs low group (%Tregs < 1.7, n = 10) were stratified by the median percentage of Tregs in treatment-naive JSLE patients at enrollment. Clinical remission means remission on therapy (physician global assessment of disease activity <0.5 on a 0–3 scale, daily prednisolone dose ≤5 mg/day or ≤0.2 mg/kg/day for body weight <25 kg, with or without antimalarials and immunosuppressants).