Table 2. Baseline means for endline analytical sample, by study arm.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V-only | VE | VEH | VEHW | p-value | |
| Background | |||||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 12.6 (1.2) | 12.5 (1.3) | 12.6 (1.3) | 12.5 (1.2) | 0.573 |
| Cognitive score (0–16), mean (SD) [n = 2,059] | 8.2 (3.1) | 8.4 (3.0) | 8.4 (3.2) | 8.3 (3.1) | 0.614 |
| Lives with both parents (= 1), % [n = 2,058] | 51.7 | 57.0 | 51.1 | 53.9 | 0.219 |
| Mother completed primary school (= 1), % [n = 1,934] | 63.6 | 64.0 | 62.8 | 64.4 | 0.962 |
| Father completed primary school (= 1), % [n = 1,714] | 76.2 | 79.6 | 74.9 | 79.1 | 0.274 |
| Violence prevention | |||||
| Experienced violence by a male in the past year (= 1), % | 29.5 | 29.5 | 30.2 | 32.0 | 0.807 |
| Positive gender attitudes score (0–4), mean (SD) | 3.6 (0.7) | 3.6 (0.7) | 3.6 (0.7) | 3.6 (0.7) | 0.820 |
| Education | |||||
| Grade attainment, mean (SD) | 5.7 (1.4) | 5.7 (1.3) | 5.7 (1.3) | 5.6 (1.4) | 0.659 |
| Primary school complete (= 1), % | 7.9 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 6.0 | 0.570 |
| Enrolled in school (= 1), % | 99.2 | 99.1 | 98.3 | 99.2 | 0.550 |
| Literate in Swahili and English (= 1), % [n = 2,059] | 91.9 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 0.448 |
| Health | |||||
| Knows most fertile period during menstrual cycle (= 1), % | 8.3 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 0.450 |
| General self-efficacy score (0–6), mean (SD) | 3.9 (1.7) | 4.0 (1.6) | 4.0 (1.6) | 3.9 (1.6) | 0.735 |
| Wealth creation | |||||
| Financial literacy score (0–10), mean (SD) [n = 2,014] | 5.7 (1.9) | 5.7 (1.9) | 5.7 (1.9) | 5.7 (1.8) | 0.946 |
| Saved money in the past six months (= 1), % [n = 2,014] | 27.6 | 25.2 | 25.9 | 29.1 | 0.475 |
| Worked for income in the last year (= 1), % | 10.6 | 12.3 | 10.9 | 10.3 | 0.756 |
| Household-level | |||||
| Household expects girl to complete secondary (= 1), % [n = 2,117] | 99.8 | 99.6 | 99.8 | 100.0 | 0.261 |
| Household wealth quintile (1–5), mean (SD) [n = 2,132] | 3.1 (1.4) | 3.1 (1.4) | 3.0 (1.4) | 3.0 (1.4) | 0.395 |
| Sample by arm when n = 2,075 | 482 | 528 | 533 | 532 |
Notes: P-values in column 5 are from an F-test for joint differences across study arms for sample of nonattritors at endline. N = 2,075 unless otherwise noted. Sample sizes are larger for household-level variables because for some observations the household but not the individual survey was completed. All statistical tests were carried out using robust standard errors.
*** p<0.001,
** p<0.01,
* p<0.05,
† p<0.1.