Table 1.

Characteristics of previous studies comparing IncrPD and stPD

Publication details	N	Study design	Study population details	Incremental PD intervention	Standard PD intervention	Duration on incremental PD
Ankawi et al.10	N = 106 •54 incrPD •52 stPD	•Canadian single-center, cross-sectional study	Prevalent patients on PD achieving target total weekly Kt/V of ≥1.7	•CAPD with <8 l/d or <7 d/wk •APD with no day dwell or <7 d/wk and weekly peritoneal Kt/V <1.7 and total Kt/V ≥1.7	•CAPD with ≥8 l/d •APD with night cycler and ≥1 day dwell	NR (cross-sectional study)
Jeloka et al.14	N = 41 •13 incrPD •28 stPD	•Indian single-center, retrospective cohort study	Adult patients with urinary Kt/V of approximately 1 were offered incremental PD based on local practice. Excluded patients with HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. IncrPD patients changed to stPD if Kt/V <1.7 or on clinician judgment	•1 icodextrin exchange/d	•3 × 2-l exchanges of glucose-based dialysate	9.6 mo (IQR NR) 18.8 ± 14.7 mo
Lee et al.12	N = 347 •176 incrPD •171 stPD	•Korean single-center, retrospective cohort study •Intention-to-treat analysis based on initial dialysis regimen •Censored at time of death or loss to follow-up	Incident patients on PD, ≥16 yr old, follow-up ≥ 6 mo, urine volume ≥ 200 ml. Excluded patients with previous HD	•CAPD 1–2 exchanges/d, 7 d/wk, with weekly peritoneal Kt/V <1.7 and total Kt/V ≥1.7	•CAPD ≥3 exchanges/d, 7 d/wk, irrespective of RKF	2.6 yr (IQR 1.6–4.5)
Sandrini et al.13	N = 105 •29 incrPD •76 stPD	•Italian single-center, retrospective cohort study •Intention-to-treat analysis based on initial dialysis regimen •Censored at death, transfer to HD, kidney transplantation, or recovery of renal function	Incident patients on PD, follow-up ≥6 mo, RKF 3–10 ml/min per 1.73 m2	•CAPD 1–2 exchanges/d	•CAPD 3–5 exchanges/d, 7 d/wk •APD 7 nights/wk	17 mo (IQR 10–30)
Yan et al.11	N = 139 •70 incrPD •69 stPD	•Prospective, Chinese single-center, randomized, controlled, open-label trial •24-mo follow-up •Censored at death, transfer to HD, kidney transplantation or after 2 yr on PD	Incident patients on PD on CAPD, 18–80 yr old, GFR ≥ 2 ml/min, urine volume ≥ 500 ml/d. Excluded patients with previous HD or kidney transplantation, life expectancy <6 mo, active malignancy, acute infection, significant heart failure, or other severe diseases at enrollment	•CAPD 3 exchanges/d	•CAPD 4 exchanges/d	NR (12/70 patients allocated to incrPD changed to stPD during the study)
Yu et al.6	N = 87,183 •37,874 incrPD •49,309 stPD	•Retrospective analysis of Chinese patient database (2005–2015) •As-treated analysis	Patients commenced on PD between 2005 and 2015, enrolled in Baxter Patient Support Program, established on PD at least 90 d and not received APD previously	•CAPD <4 exchanges/d	•CAPD ≥4 exchanges/d	NR

APD, automated peritoneal dialysis; CAPD, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; HD, hemodialysis; incrPD, incremental PD; IQR, interquartile range; NR, not reported; PD, peritoneal dialysis; RKF, residual kidney function; stPD, standard PD.