Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with and without diabetes
| Characteristic | Total patients (N = 76,302) | Patients without diabetes (n = 68,057) | Patients with diabetes (n = 8245) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 50 (35–65) | 48 (33–63) | 65 (55–72) | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 39,555 (51.8) | 34,561 (50.8) | 4994 (60.6) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | <0.001 | |||
| BMI < 18.5, n (%) | 6409 (8.4) | 5980 (8.8) | 429 (5.2) | |
| 18.5 ≤ BMI <23.0, n (%) | 32,871 (43.1) | 30,121 (44.3) | 2750 (33.4) | |
| 23.0 ≤ BMI <25.0, n (%) | 14,330 (18.8) | 12,643 (18.6) | 1687 (20.5) | |
| 25.0 ≤ BMI <30.0, n (%) | 17,608 (23.1) | 15,079 (22.2) | 2529 (30.7) | |
| BMI ≥30.0, n (%) | 5084 (6.7) | 4234 (6.2) | 850 (10.3) | |
| Main diagnosis | <0.001 | |||
| AKI or RPGN, n (%) | 3425 (4.5) | 2393 (3.5) | 1032 (12.5) | |
| Nephrosis, n (%) | 13,708 (18.0) | 10,816 (15.9) | 2892 (35.1) | |
| Others, n (%) | 59,169 (77.5) | 54,848 (80.6) | 4321 (52.4) | |
| Presence of CKD, n (%) | 8837 (11.6) | 7278 (10.7) | 1559 (18.9) | <0.001 |
| Hospital volume per yr | 0.27 | |||
| 1–24 cases, n (%) | 28,808 (37.8) | 25,714 (37.8) | 3094 (37.5) | |
| 25–44 cases, n (%) | 25,197 (33.0) | 22,412 (32.9) | 2785 (33.8) | |
| ≥45 cases, n (%) | 22,297 (29.2) | 19,931 (29.3) | 2366 (28.7) | |
| Academic hospital, n (%) | 19,831 (26.0) | 17,657 (25.9) | 2174 (26.4) | 0.41 |
| Fiscal year period | <0.001 | |||
| 2010–2015, n (%) | 53,405 (70.0) | 48,402 (71.1) | 5003 (60.7) | |
| 2016–2017, n (%) | 22,897 (30.0) | 19,655 (28.9) | 3242 (39.3) | |
| ADL | <0.001 | |||
| Independent, n (%) | 75,145 (98.5) | 67,238 (98.8) | 7907 (95.9) | |
| Dependent, n (%) | 1157 (1.5) | 819 (1.2) | 338 (4.1) | |
| Corticosteroid use, n (%) | 2365 (3.1) | 1744 (2.6) | 621 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| Immunosuppressant use, n (%) | 802 (1.1) | 691 (1.0) | 111 (1.3) | 0.005 |
| Antithrombotic use, n (%) | 1016 (1.3) | 708 (1.0) | 308 (3.7) | <0.001 |
ADL, activities of daily living; AKI, acute kidney injury; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; RPGN, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
BMI calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters.