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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Matrix Biol. 2021 Dec 24;105:87–103. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.12.001

Table 1.

Hh signaling involved in tendon and enthesis healing (ACL: anterior cruciate ligament).

Tissue type Species Injury model Cell population after injury Gene expression after injury Protein expression after injury
Supraspinatus tendon enthesis32 Mature mouse Enthesis needle punch Increasing numbers of Hh-lineage cells over time Low expression of Notch 1
Immature mouse Enthesis needle punch Consistently high numbers of Hh-lineage cells throughout healing period High expression of Notch 1
Supraspinatus tendon enthesis43 Rat Tendon transection, followed by transosseous repair Increased Sox9-positive cells and Ihh-posibve cells at enthesis Increased expression of Gli1, PTCH1, Ihh, Col2, and Sox9
Supraspinatus tendon enthesis43 Rat Tendon transection, followed by transosseous repair Similar expression of Scx, Tnmd; Increased expression of Smo, Col1. Acan
ACL enthesis40 Rat Full-thick ness transection of ACL followed by reconstruction using flexor tendon graft Increased expression of Gli1 and PTCH1
ACL enthesis41 Mouse Full-thickness transection of ACL followed by reconstruction with autograft Similar expression of Scx, Sox9, and matrix metalloproteinases; Increased expression of Acan Increased expression of Ihh Wnt, and PTHrP
Tibialis anterior tendon44 Mouse Full-thickness transection followed by suture repair Higher expression of Mkx, Scx, Egr1, Col1a1, Col1a2, Tnmd, Thbs4, Tppp3, Bglap, Gli1 Shh