Table 3.
Association between male adherence to the different dietary patterns (according to quartiles of distribution) and the predicted probability of fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth following ART in the EARTH study.a
| Number of women (n=245)/cycles (n=438) |
Fertilization | Implantation | Clinical pregnancy | Live birth | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TMD | Q1 | 80/114 | 0.77 (0.72, 0.81) | 0.56 (0.46, 0.66) | 0.50 (0.40, 0.60) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.54) |
| Q2 | 52/96 | 0.72 (0.66, 0.78) | 0.47 (0.36, 0.59) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.55) | 0.34 (0.24, 0.46) | |
| Q3 | 43/77 | 0.75 (0.69, 0.81) | 0.54 (0.41, 0.66) | 0.48 (0.35, 0.60) | 0.38 (0.26, 0.51) | |
| Q4 | 70/121 | 0.71 (0.65, 0.76) | 0.58 (0.47, 0.68) | 0.54 (0.43, 0.64) | 0.40 (0.29, 0.51) | |
| P trend | 0.221 | 0.701 | 0.611 | 0.735 | ||
| AMD | Q1 | 53/96 | 0.77 (0.70, 0.83) | 0.56 (0.42, 0.69) | 0.51 (0.38, 0.64) | 0.43 (0.29, 0.58) |
| Q2 | 89/160 | 0.72 (0.68, 0.77) | 0.53 (0.44, 0.62) | 0.47 (0.38, 0.56) | 0.39 (0.30, 0.49) | |
| Q3 | 43/78 | 0.76 (0.69, 0.82) | 0.59 (0.46, 0.72) | 0.51 (0.38, 0.65) | 0.43 (0.30, 0.58) | |
| Q4 | 60/104 | 0.72 (0.65, 0.78) | 0.51 (0.38, 0.64) | 0.49 (0.36, 0.62) | 0.33 (0.22, 0.47) | |
| P trend | 0.763 | 0.909 | 0.893 | 0.570 | ||
| PMD | Q1 | 61/107 | 0.79 (0.73, 0.83) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.68) | 0.53 (0.42, 0.64) | 0.49 (0.37, 0.61) |
| Q2 | 62/115 | 0.76 (0.71, 0.81) | 0.52 (0.41, 0.62) | 0.45 (0.35, 0.56) | 0.37 (0.27, 0.49) | |
| Q3 | 65/114 | 0.71 (0.65, 0.76) b | 0.50 (0.39, 0.60) | 0.47 (0.37, 0.58) | 0.40 (0.29, 0.51) | |
| Q4 | 57/102 | 0.70 (0.63, 0.76) b | 0.59 (0.46, 0.70) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.63) | 0.32 (0.21, 0.44) | |
| P trend | 0.016 | 0.884 | 0.865 | 0.093 | ||
| HEI | Q1 | 65/109 | 0.78 (0.72, 0.82) | 0.57 (0.45, 0.68) | 0.53 (0.42, 0.64) | 0.51 (0.39, 0.63) |
| Q2 | 55/110 | 0.72 (0.66, 0.77) | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60) | 0.45 (0.35, 0.56) | 0.36 (0.26, 0.48) | |
| Q3 | 63/111 | 0.73 (0.67, 0.78) | 0.62 (0.51, 0.71) | 0.52 (0.42, 0.63) | 0.38 (0.27, 0.49) | |
| Q4 | 62/108 | 0.73 (0.67, 0.78) | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60) | 0.46 (0.36, 0.57) | 0.33 (0.23, 0.45) | |
| P trend | 0.218 | 0.638 | 0.537 | 0.052 | ||
| AHEI | Q1 | 61/106 | 0.78 (0.72, 0.82) | 0.53 (0.41, 0.64) | 0.49 (0.38, 0.61) | 0.44 (0.32, 0.56) |
| Q2 | 70/125 | 0.69 (0.64, 0.74) b | 0.51 (0.41, 0.61) | 0.48 (0.38, 0.58) | 0.39 (0.29, 0.49) | |
| Q3 | 51/93 | 0.74 (0.68, 0.79) | 0.54 (0.43, 0.66) | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60) | 0.38 (0.27, 0.51) | |
| Q4 | 63/114 | 0.75 (0.69, 0.80) | 0.58 (0.47, 0.69) | 0.51 (0.40, 0.61) | 0.37 (0.26, 0.49) | |
| P trend | 0.666 | 0.470 | 0.884 | 0.473 | ||
| AHA | Q1 | 60/107 | 0.80 (0.76, 0.85) | 0.54 (0.42, 0.65) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.63) | 0.48 (0.37, 0.61) |
| Q2 | 59/110 | 0.71 (0.66, 0.76) b | 0.49 (0.38, 0.59) | 0.44 (0.33, 0.54) | 0.36 (0.26, 0.47) | |
| Q3 | 61/112 | 0.72 (0.66, 0.76) b | 0.60 (0.49, 0.70) | 0.53 (0.42, 0.63) | 0.36 (0.26, 0.48) | |
| Q4 | 65/109 | 0.72 (0.66, 0.77) b | 0.55 (0.43, 0.66) | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60) | 0.36 (0.26, 0.48) | |
| P trend | 0.033 | 0.581 | 0.915 | 0.209 | ||
| DASH | Q1 | 55/101 | 0.79 (0.73, 0.83) | 0.59 (0.47, 0.70) | 0.55 (0.43, 0.67) | 0.47 (0.35, 0.60) |
| Q2 | 73/133 | 0.69 (0.64, 0.74) b | 0.50 (0.40, 0.60) | 0.46 (0.36, 0.56) | 0.42 (0.33, 0.53) | |
| Q3 | 56/92 | 0.74 (0.68, 0.79) | 0.58 (0.46, 0.69) | 0.55 (0.43, 0.66) | 0.39, 0.28, 0.52) | |
| Q4 | 61/112 | 0.75 (0.69, 0.80) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.63) | 0.43 (0.32, 0.54) | 0.29 (0.19, 0.41) | |
| P trend | 0.439 | 0.612 | 0.290 | 0.053 | ||
| PBD | Q1 | 71/124 | 0.77 (0.72, 0.81) | 0.54 (0.43, 0.64) | 0.48 (0.38, 0.59) | 0.43 (0.32, 0.54) |
| Q2 | 52/99 | 0.74 (0.68, 0.79) | 0.52 (0.40, 0.63) | 0.48 (0.37, 0.59) | 0.40 (0.29, 0.52) | |
| Q3 | 60/106 | 0.69 (0.63, 0.75) | 0.50 (0.39, 0.61) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.54) | 0.35 (0.25, 0.47) | |
| Q4 | 62/109 | 0.75 (0.69, 0.80) | 0.61 (0.50, 0.71) | 0.56 (0.45, 0.67) | 0.38 (0.27, 0.51) | |
| P trend | 0.322 | 0.529 | 0.594 | 0.473 |
Data are presented as predicted marginal proportions and 95% confidence intervals. Analyses were run using generalized linear mixed models (proc glimmix) with random intercepts, binomial distribution, and logit link for fertilization. Analyses were run using generalized linear mixed models (proc glimmix) with random intercepts, binary distribution, and logit link for implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth.
Fully adjusted model: Male age, female age, male BMI, female BMI, male education, male moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, male smoking status, male race, male energy intake, female energy intake, and female adherence to the different dietary patterns.
P<0.05 for comparison of specific quartile versus quartile 1 (reference).
Abbreviations: AHA, American Heart Association diet recommendations; AHEI, Alternate Healthy Eating Index; AMD, Alternate Mediterranean diet; ART, assisted reproductive technologies; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet; HEI, Healthy Eating Index; n, sample size; PBD, Plant-based diet; PMD, Panagiotakos Mediterranean diet; Q, quartile; TMD, Trichopoulou Mediterranean diet.