Table 7.
The clinical-stage antibody fragments and their derivatives for cancer treatment
| Name | Format | Target | Indication(s) | Status | ClinicalTrials.gov identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper Cu 64-DOTA-B-Fab | Fab | CA6 |
Ovarian carcinoma Breast carcinoma |
Phase I | NCT02708511 |
| CSR02-Fab-TF | Fab | PLVAP | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | Early Phase I | NCT04601428 |
| Ranibizumab | Fab | VEGF | Uveal melanoma | Phase IV | NCT00540930 |
| Naptumomab estafenatox | Fab and SEA fusion protein | 5T4 | Renal cell carcinoma |
Phase II Phase III |
NCT00420888 |
| IMCgp100 |
Monoclonal TCR anti-CD3 scFv fusion protein |
CD3 | Advanced metastatic melanoma | Early Phase I | NCT01209676 |
| L19-IL2 | Recombinant scFv | EDB | Solid tumor | Phase I | NCT02086721 |
| rM28 | Bispecific scFv | CD28/HMV-MAA | Malignant melanoma | Phase I | NCT00204594 |
| D2C7-IT | scFv-based immunotoxin | EGFRwt and EGFRvIII | Recurrent malignant glioma | Phase I | NCT02303678 |
| NM21–1480 | Trispecific scFv fusion protein | PD-L1/4–1BB/HSA | Advanced solid tumor |
Phase I Phase II |
NCT04442126 |
| Vicinium | scFv-based immunotoxin | EpCAM | Bladder cancer | Phase III | NCT02449239 |
| [124 I] PSCA-Minibody | Minibody | PSCA |
Prostate cancer Pancreatic cancer Bladder cancer |
Phase I | NCT02092948 |
| 6B11-OCIK | Minibody | 6B11 | Recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer | Phase I | NCT03542669 |
| T84.66 | Iodine I 123 anti-CEA recombinant diabody | CEA | Colorectal cancer | Phase I | NCT00647153 |
| BCMA VHH CAR-T Cell | VHH | BCMA | Relapsed/refractory myeloma | Phase I | NCT03664661 |
| CD19/20 bispecific VHH-derived CAR-T Cells | VHH | CD19/CD20 | Refractory/relapsed B cell lymphoma | Phase I | NCT03881761 |
| ALX-0651 | VHH | CXCR4 | Healthy volunteers | Phase I | NCT01374503 |
| αPD1-MSLN-CAR T cells | Secreting PD-1 VHHs | MSLN |
Non-small cell lung cancer Mesothelioma |
Early Phase I | NCT04489862 |
|
Colorectal cancer Ovarian cancer |
NCT04503980 | ||||
| [131I]-SGMIB anti-HER2 VHH1 | VHH | HER2 |
Healthy volunteers Breast cancer |
Phase I | NCT02683083 |
| 68-Ga NOTA-anti-MMR-VHH2 | VHH | MMR |
Malignant solid tumor Breast cancer Head and neck cancer Melanoma (skin) |
Phase I/IIa | NCT04168528 |
| 68-GaNOTA-anti-HER2 VHH1 | VHH | HER2 |
Metastatic breast carcinoma Locally advanced breast cancer |
Phase II | NCT03924466 |
|
Breast neoplasm Breast carcinoma Receptor, ErbB-2 |
Phase II | NCT03331601 | |||
| 99mTc-MIRC208 | VHH-based radiotracer | HER2 | HER2-positive cancer | Preclinical | NCT04591652 |
| TAS226 | Tetravalent VHH | DR5 | Advanced solid tumors | Phase I | NCT01529307 |