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. 2022 Jan 25;11:801691. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801691

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Copyright © 2022 Damerell, Ambele, Salisbury, Neumann-Mufweba, Durandt, Pepper and Prince

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TBX3 promotes 3D spheroid invasion. (A) 3D spheroid invasion assay of EV and TBX3 hMSCs. Representative images of the 3D invading spheroids at 0, 24 and 48 h. (40X; EVOS M5000 Imaging System; scale bars = 600 µm). (B) Quantification of the invasive area. Student’s t-test was used to compare between groups, ***p < 0.001; error bars represent mean ± SEM (n=3). (C) Western blot analysis of MMP2 and MMP9 expression in 3D hMSC spheroids (n=2). For western blotting β-actin was used as a loading control. Densitometry readings were obtained using Fiji and protein expression levels are represented as a ratio of protein of interest/β-actin normalized to TBX3 #1.