TABLE 3.

Behavioral determinants identified in each study, along with the techniques recommended to influence them, the behavior change techniques/contextual influencers applied in each intervention, whether the techniques applied addressed all the determinants identified, and whether the interventions were effective.

Study	Behavioral determinants identified	Behavior change techniques a applied	Contextual influencers applied	Did the behavior change techniques applied address all determinants? b	Was the intervention effective?
Bourdeaux et al. (2014)	-Memory attention and decision processes	Intervention 1: 7.1 Prompts/cues	Defaults	Not possible	Yes
		Intervention 2: 7.3 Reduce prompts/cues	Defaults	Not possible	Yes
Harewood et al. (2011)	-Environmental context and resources	12.1 Restructuring the physical environment	Defaults and Priming	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes
Isenberg et al. (2018)	-Environmental context and resources	2.2 Feedback on behavior	Messenger, Defaults, and Salience	Completely	Yes
	-Knowledge	4.1 Instruction on how to perform behavior
		7.1 Prompts/cues
		12. Adding objects
Lemiengre et al. (2018)	-Emotions	Intervention 1:	Affect	Partially	No
	-Environmental context and resources	4.1 Instruction on how to perform behavior
	-Knowledge	4.2 Information about antecedents
	-Social influences	12.5 Adding objects
		Intervention 2: 3.2 Social support (practical)	Affect	Partially	No
		3.3 Social support (emotional)
		12.5 Adding objects
		Intervention 3: 3.2 Social support (practical)	Affect	Completely	No
		3.3 Social support (emotional)
		4.1 Instruction on how to perform behavior
		4.2 Information about antecedents
		12.5 Adding objects
Mafi et al. (2018)	-Knowledge	1.9 Commitment	Messenger, Norms and Commitments	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	2.2 Feedback on behavior
		4.1 Instruction on how to perform behavior
		7.1 Prompts/cues
Malhotra et al. (2016)	-Memory attention and decision processes	7.1 Prompts/cues	Defaults and Salience	Not possible	Yes
	-Social influences
Meeker et al. (2014)	-Goals	1.9 Commitment	Norms, Salience and Commitments	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	2.1 Monitoring of behavior, without feedback
	-Social influences	3.2 Social support (practical)
	-Social/Professional Role and Identity	3.3 Social support (emotional)
		5.1 Information about health consequences
		6.3 Information about others’ approval
Musgrove et al. (2018)	-Knowledge	4. Information about antecedents	Salience	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	7.1 Prompts/cues
O’Connor (2009)	-Memory attention and decision processes	7.1 Prompts/cues	Defaults	Not possible	YES
Patel et al. (2018)	-Environmental context and resources	Intervention 1: 4.2 Information about antecedents	Norms and Defaults	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	6.3 Information about others’ approval
		7.1 Prompts/cues
		12.5 Adding objects
		Intervention 2:	Norms and Defaults	Not possible	Yes
		2.2 Feedback on behavior
		4.2 Information about antecedents
		6.2 Social comparison
		6.3 Information about others’ approval
		7.1 Prompts/cues
		12.5 Adding objects
Patel et al. (2017)	-Environmental context and resources	4.2 Information about antecedents	Defaults and Salience	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	7.1 Prompts/cues
Presseau et al. (2018)	-Beliefs about capabilities	1.1 Goal setting behavior	Messenger	Not possible	No
	-Emotions	1.6 Discrepancy between behavior and goal
	-Goals	1.2 Problem solving
	-Memory attention and decision processes	4.1 Instruction on how to perform behavior
		6.1 Demonstration of the behavior
		8.7 Graded tasks
		8.1 Behavioral practice/rehearsal
		8.3 Habit formation
		9.1 Credible source
		10.8 Incentive outcome
		12.5 Adding objects to the environment
		15.1 Verbal persuasion about capability
Sacarny et al. (2018)	-Beliefs about consequences	2.1 Monitoring of behavior without feedback	Messenger, Incentives and Norms	Partially	Yes
	-Social influences	2.2 Feedback on behavior
		6.2 Social comparison
		6.3 Information about others’ approval
Shakespeare et al. (2019)	-Knowledge	5.1 Information about health consequences	Messenger, Defaults and Salience	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	6.3 Information about others’ approval
		7.1 Prompts/cues
		12.1 Restructuring the physical environment
Yadav et al. (2019)	-Knowledge	Intervention 1:	Messenger, Salience, Priming and Commitments	Not possible	Yes
	-Memory attention and decision processes	1.9 Commitment
	-Social influences	2.2 Feedback on behavior
		3.1 Social Support (unspecified)
		6.3 Information about others’ approval
		7.1 Prompts/cues
		12.5 Adding objects to the environment
		Intervention 2:	Messenger, Norms, Salience, Priming and Commitments	Not possible	Yes
		1.9 Commitment
		2.2 Feedback on behavior
		3.1 Social Support (unspecified)
		6.2 Social comparison
		6.3 Information about others’ approval
		7.1 Prompts/cues
		12.5 Adding objects to the environment

^aEach number represents a behavior change techniques cluster, and the technique within that number (Michie et al., 2013). The clusters are as follows: 1 = Goals and Planning, 2 = Feedback and Monitoring, 3 = Social Support, 4 = Shaping Knowledge, 5 = Natural Consequences, 6 = Comparisons of Behavior, 7 = Associations, 8 = Repetition and Substitution, 9 = Comparisons of Outcomes, 10, Reward and Threat, 11 = Regulation, 12 = Antecedent, 13 = Identity, 14 = Scheduled Consequences, 15 = Self-Belief, 16 = Covert Learning.

^bCompletely = A sufficient array of techniques was applied to influence all identified determinants, Partially = Some identified determinates were not targeted by any recommended techniques, Not possible = No techniques are recommended to influence an identified determinant.