TABLE 1.
Drugs/genes, their targets, and function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM).
| Drug/Gene | MiRNA | Target | Vivo trial | Target function | Expression |
| Metformin | / | AMPK | Yes | Reduce blood glucose | / |
| Empagliflozin | / | SGC | Yes | Reduce blood glucose | / |
| EUK-134 | / | TXNIP NLRP3 | No | Inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome | / |
| Skimmin | / | / | Yes | Enhance autophagy and inhibit pyroptosis | / |
| MNS | / | ATPase | Yes | Inhibit interaction of NEK7 and NLRP3 | / |
| NSA | / | GSDMD | NO | Inhibit GSDMD cleavage and IL-1βrelease | / |
| BMP-7 | / | / | Yes | Inhibit pyroptosis and improve cardiac remodeling | / |
| MALAT1 | miR-141-3p | No | Promote pyroptosis | ↓ | |
| GAS5 | miR-34b-3p | AHR | Yes | Inhibit NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis | ↓ |
| Kcnq1ot1 | miR-214-3P | / | Yes | Promote pyroptosis | ↑ |
| / | miR-30d | foxo3a ARC | Yes | Promote pyroptosis | ↑ |
| / | miR-9 | ELAVL1 | No | Inhibit pyroptosis | ↓ |
| CACR | miR-214-3p | / | No | Promote pyroptosis | ↑ |
| / | miR-21-3p | AR | Yes | Promote pyroptosis | ↑ |
| circRNA-010567 | miR-141 | / | Yes | Promote fibrosis | ↑ |
AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; MNS, 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene; TXNIP, thioredoxin interacting protein; BMP-7, bone morphogenetic protein-7; MALAT1, metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript1; GAS5, growth arrest-specific transcript 5; AHR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Kcnq1ot1, KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1; foxo3a, Forkhead box o3; ARC, caspase recruitment domain; ELAVL1, ELAV-like protein 1; CACR, caspase-1-associated circRNA; AR, androgen receptor.