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. 2021 Nov 18;8(2):101–115. doi: 10.1002/cjp2.251

Table 4.

Response rates on confidence rating for legal (Question 9) and ethical guidance (Question 10); overall, comparing those with additional training to those without and comparing those involved in research to those not involved in research (excludes those reporting that they are not currently involved in research but are planning to in the future).

Not confident at all (%) Slightly confident (%) Somewhat confident (%) Fairly confident (%) Completely confident (%) I am not aware of the policy/legislation (%) Total number of responses
Legal policy/legislation
GDPR 16 23 27 24 8 1 196 Overall
13 4 28 30 20 4 46 Additional training
17 29 27 22 5 0 150 Without additional training
8 18 27 34 12 1 83 Involved in research
24 25 27 18 6 1 101 Not involved in research
DPA 2018 19 22 22 25 10 2 197 Overall
15 13 21 28 19 4 47 Additional training
21 25 27 24 7 1 150 Without additional training
14 17 20 36 12 1 84 Involved in research
23 28 22 17 9 2 101 Not involved in research
Health and Social Act 2018 38 20 15 12 5 9 195 Overall
30 17 20 15 13 4 46 Additional training
41 21 13 11 3 11 149 Without additional training
33 16 17 17 6 12 83 Involved in research
44 22 13 8 5 8 100 Not involved in research
EU – US Privacy Shield 57 8 8 5 2 20 197 Overall
43 9 21 9 2 17 47 Additional training
62 8 4 4 1 21 150 Without additional training
50 8 11 8 0 23 84 Involved in research
63 7 7 3 3 18 101 Not involved in research
NHS Data Opt‐Out 46 20 9 10 3 12 196 Overall
30 26 15 11 9 9 46 Additional training
51 18 7 10 1 13 150 Without additional training
37 24 7 13 4 14 83 Involved in research
53 18 10 7 3 10 101 Not involved in research
Common Law Duty of Confidentiality 29 17 15 27 7 7 198 Overall
21 17 13 27 13 10 48 Additional training
31 17 15 27 5 5 150 Without additional training
20 16 16 32 8 7 85 Involved in research
35 17 14 23 6 6 101 Not involved in research
Ethical guidance
Code of Conduct for Data Driven Health and Care Technology 2018 57 8 7 4 2 23 198 Overall
42 8 10 8 4 27 48 Additional training
61 7 6 2 1 22 150 Without additional training
48 9 9 4 4 26 85 Involved in research
64 7 5 4 1 20 101 Not involved in research
NHSX: AI: How to Get it Right. 2019 59 6 5 4 1 26 198 Overall
38 10 8 8 4 31 48 Additional training
66 4 3 3 0 24 150 Without additional training
51 7 7 7 2 26 85 Involved in research
67 4 3 2 0 25 101 Not involved in research
Data Ethics Framework by Department for Digital Culture, Media and Sport 62 7 3 4 0 25 198 Overall
48 8 4 8 0 31 48 Additional training
66 6 3 2 0 23 150 Without additional training
55 8 5 6 0 26 85 Involved in research
68 5 2 2 0 24 101 Not involved in research