Rating of the likelihood of pest freedom	Very frequently pest free (based on the Median).
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of pest‐free plants	9,516 out of 10,000 plants	9,704 out of 10,000 plants	9,820 out of 10,000 plants	9,903 out of 10,000 plants	9,959 out of 10,000 plants
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of infested plants	41 out of 10,000 plants	97 out of 10,000 plants	180 out of 10,000 plants	296 out of 10,000 plants	484 out of 10,000 plants
Summary of the information used for the evaluation	Possibility that the pest could become associated with the commodity Due to the biology, Crisicoccus pini is a good candidate to be transported with the commodity because all stages of development can go undetected when they are hidden in the lower parts of twigs and branches. The lack of obvious symptoms at low insect density makes the detection difficult. Measures taken against the pest and their efficacy Measures taken against the pest are good but not enough to warrant the pest‐free status for the commodity. First, the net does not have a mesh that stops the first instars to go through. Second, the insecticide applications do not completely reach the hidden parts of the tree where the insects can be found. Third, the inspections are not successful when the insect density is very low and the signs of presence such as wax and honeydew are scarce. Interception records In the EUROPHYT/TRACES‐NT database, there are no records of notification of Pinus parviflora and P. thunbergii bonsai plants neither from China nor from other countries due to the presence of Crisicoccus pini between the years 1995 and May 2021 (EUROPHYT/TRACES‐NT, online). However, mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) were intercepted on bonsai plants from Japan in 2013 (EUROPHYT, online). From the description it seems likely they were C. pini. In addition, it has been hypothesised that the introductions in North America and Europe are associated with the trade of pine bonsai plants. Shortcomings of current measures/procedures Net protection is not fully effective, because crawlers can go through. Inspections may not be effective without destructive analysis of the trees. Main uncertainties – The pest pressure around the nursery is not known. – The pest is present in the province not far from the nursery and there are pine trees within a distance of 1.5 km, although there are no data about the presence of the mealybugs.