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. 2022 Jan 24;10(1):e32400. doi: 10.2196/32400

Table 5.

Mean change in indicators before and after intervention in the 2 groups (N=96).

Items Intervention group (n=50) Control group (n=46)




Before intervention, mean (SD) After intervention, mean (SD) Before intervention, mean (SD) After intervention, mean (SD) Baseline differencea P value Difference-in-difference,b mean (SD) P value
AIDS knowledge awareness rate

Overall 58.04 (17.55) 70.09 (11.58) 57.87 (11.80) 57.49 (16.58) 0.96 12.40 (4.23) 0.004

Basic knowledge of AIDS 64.77 (17.10) 74.62 (13.84) 65.55 (15.19) 64.38 (17.04) 0.81 11.02 (4.58) 0.02

Knowledge of AIDS prevention 55.20 (25.97) 66.20 (18.83) 51.74 (16.37) 52.61 (22.15) 0.43 10.13 (6.13) 0.100

Knowledge of AIDS testing 48.80 (24.96) 62.00 (25.64) 47.83 (22.50) 42.61 (25.86) 0.85 18.42 (7.16) 0.01

Knowledge of AIDS treatment 68.00 (31.15) 83.00 (21.09) 65.76 (27.06) 72.28 (30.84) 0.69 8.48 (8.03) 0.29

Knowledge of AIDS PrEPc 35.20 (18.76) 44.40 (17.75) 32.17 (19.54) 26.52 (20.25) 0.44 17.88 (3.89) <0.001

Knowledge of AIDS-related laws and regulations 65.75 (27.87) 82.25 (15.79) 71.47 (21.03) 73.64 (20.79) 0.20 14.33 (6.31) 0.02
Stigma score

Overall 2.58 (0.61) 2.44 (0.57) 2.51 (0.49) 2.48 (0.47) 0.50 –0.11 (0.16) 0.48

Fear of transmission and disease 2.93 (1.13) 2.59 (0.86) 2.97 (0.96) 2.85 (0.95) 0.84 –0.34 (0.29) 0.23

Association with shame, blame, and judgment 2.47 (0.82) 2.55 (0.83) 2.31 (0.70) 2.34 (0.51) 0.29 0.05 (0.21) 0.81

Personal support of discriminatory actions or policies 2.72 (0.74) 2.45 (0.67) 2.58 (0.68) 2.54 (0.61) 0.33 –0.23 (0.20) 0.25

Perceived community support of discriminatory actions or policies 2.20 (0.82) 2.15 (0.73) 2.16 (0.65) 2.17 (0.63) 0.78 –0.05 (0.21) 0.79
Positive rate of attitude of high-risk AIDS behaviors

Overall 77.50 (22.73) 82.00 (23.44) 85.05 (19.30) 79.62 (17.94) 0.08 9.93 (6.09) 0.10

Do you support premarital sex? 72.00 (45.40) 84.00 (37.00) 80.00 (40.10) 76.00 (43.10) 0.32 16.33 (11.99) 0.18

Do you support premature love? 52.00 (50.50) 64.00 (48.50) 57.00 (50.10) 59.00 (49.80) 0.66 9.83 (14.36) 0.49

Do you support a 1-night stand? 88.00 (32.80) 92.00 (27.40) 96.00 (20.60) 98.00 (14.70) 0.14 1.83 (7.25) 0.80

Will you have premarital sex with your boyfriend/girlfriend? 74.00 (44.30) 82.00 (38.80) 80.00 (40.10) 74.00 (44.40) 0.45 14.52 (12.13) 0.23

Will you have sex with someone other than your lover? 82.00 (38.80) 86.00 (35.10) 87.00 (34.10) 89.00 (31.50) 0.49 1.83 (10.13) 0.86

Will you have sex with the same gender? 88.00 (32.80) 94.00 (24.00) 89.00 (31.50) 98.00 (14.70) 0.38 –14.70 (7.75) 0.06

Will you use condoms when you have sex with your lover? 80.00 (40.40) 84.00 (37.00) 93.00 (25.00) 70.00 (46.50) 0.23 19.91 (11.00) 0.07

Will you use condoms when you have sex with other people of the same/opposite sex? 74.00 (44.30) 80.00 (40.00) 80.00 (40.00) 74.00 (44.40) 0.46 12.52 (12.24) 0.31

aP value for the mean difference between intervention and control groups before the intervention (baseline differences).

bDifference-in-difference. It shows whether the expected mean change in indicators from before to after the intervention was different between control and intervention groups.

cPrEP: pre-exposure prophylaxis.