TABLE 4.

Recently reported nanomaterial‐induced ferroptosis‐related nanoparticles for cancer therapy applications

Nanoparticle	Material type	Encapsulation	Mechanism	Reference
Ferumoxytol	Polysaccharide	Fe2O3	Fe3+ increasing and ROS overloading	[162]
FePt	Black phosphorus, metal	Fe	Promote Fenton reaction	[163]
RSL3@COF‐Fc	COFs	RSL3	Promote Fenton reaction, GPX4 inhibition, Lipid peroxidation	[164]
FePt@MnO@DSPE	Metal nanoparticles	Fe2+, Mn2+	Promote Fenton reaction	[165]
UPDA‐PEG@Fe2+/3+	Coordination polymer	Fe2+, Fe3+	Promote Fenton reaction	[166]
DS@MA‐LS	Liposome	Doxorubicin and Sorafenib	Increase ROS and SLC7A11 inhibition	[167]
FaPEG‐MnMSN	Mesoporous silica	Sorafenib	Promote Fenton reaction, SLC7A11 inhibition and GSH depletion	[168]
MoS2, WS2	Metal sulfide	None	GPX4 inhibition, Oxygen free radical generation, Lipid peroxidation	[169]
TA‐Fe/ART@ZIF	MOFs	Artemisinin, Fe2+	Promote Fenton reaction	[170]
RSL3@mPEG‐PLys‐AA	Polymer	RSL3	Promote Fenton reaction, GPX4 inhibition, Lipid peroxidation	[171]
SRF@Hb‐Ce6	Protein	Sorafenib	GPX4 inhibition	[172]
LDL‐DHA	Self‐assembled nanoparticles	Omega‐3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid	GSH depletion, GPX4 inhibition, Lipid peroxidation	[173]
UCNP@LP(Azo‐CA4)	Upconversion material	Azobenzene combretastatin A4	Promote Fenton reaction	[174]
BNP@R	Phenylboronate ester	RSL‐3	Induces the secretion of IFN‐γ and inhibits GPX4	[175]
Erastin@FA‐exo	Exosome	Erastin	GPX4 inhibition and ROS overloading	[176]
MnO2@HMCu2‐xS	Nanocomposites	Mn2+,rapamycin	GSH exhaustion and ROS overloading	[177]
Ascorbate plus nanocarrier loading Fe3+ and RSL3	Lipid‐coated calcium phosphate	Ascorbate, iron, RSL3	Iron overload, GPX4 inhibitions, ROS overgeneration	[178]

Abbreviations: COF, covalent organic frameworks; MOF, metal–organic frameworks; RSL3, oncogenic‐RAS‐selective lethal compounds; ROS, reactive oxygen species; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; SLC7A11, cystine/glutamate antiporter solute carrier family 7 member 11; IFN‐γ, interferon‐gamma.