Table 4.

Effects of curcumin on secondary and other outcomes TNF-α, unit

Markers	Curcumin, n=28			Placebo, n=29			Difference in Change According to Treatment Assignment
	Baseline	12 mo	Change within Group	Baseline	12 mo	Change within Group
Urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, mg/d, normalized to urinary creatinine, mg/dl, e−8	14.1 (8.1 to 27.6)	14.4 (8.9 to 25.9)	0.00 (–0.34 to 0.34)	9.3 (6.6 to 21.7)	12.5 (6.3 to 33.4)	0.27 (–0.14 to 0.69)	−0.14 (–0.61 to 0.32)
CRP, mg/L	0.70 (0.18 to 2.45)	0.63 (0.38 to 2.91)	0.21 (–0.47 to 0.88)	0.32 (0.19 to 0.68)	0.44 (0.11 to 1.30)	0.17 (0.36 to 0.70)	0.49 (–0.27 to 1.25)
IL-6, pg/ml	0.42 (0.32 to 0.71)	3.6 (2.6 to 7.8)	2.24 (1.69 to 2.80)	0.43 (0.36 to 0.76)	4.3 (3.7 to 5.3)	2.33 (0.91 to 1.54)	−0.11 (–0.65 to 0.42)
IFN-γ, pg/ml	3.7 (2.5 to 4.7)	1.2 (0.93 to 2.1)	−1.05 (–1.35 to –0.75)	4.1 (2.9 to 6.5)	1.2 (1.1 to 1.5)	−1.14 (–1.41 to –0.87)	−0.01 (0.25 to 0.22)
	1.34±0.54	0.61±0.38	−0.73 (–0.95 to –0.51)	1.58±0.83	0.63±0.49	−0.95 (–1.27 to –0.63)	0.01 (–0.22 to 0.25)

Data are median (interquartile range) or mean (95% confidence interval) for change within group and difference in change on the basis of a complete case analysis. The difference in change across groups is the slope (95% confidence interval) derived from linear regression models after adjustment for baseline values for given variable, with the curcumin group compared with the placebo group. For all variables except TNF-α, the change within group and difference in change across groups are comparing log-transformed values. CRP, C-reactive protein.