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. 2022 Feb 8;30(3):388–399.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.02.003

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© 2022 Elsevier Inc.

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Overall COVID-19 clinical classification scheme

(A and B) CD4+ T cell responses to spike and CD4RE MPs were measured as percentage of AIM+ (OX40+CD137+) CD4+ T cells and plotted in two dimensions as (A) SFCs per million PBMCs or (B) stimulation index (SI), in order to discriminate the 5 study groups with known COVID-19 status of infection and/or vaccination. I−V−, unexposed and unvaccinated (n = 50); I+V−, infected and non-vaccinated (n = 50); I−V+, non-infected and vaccinated (n = 66); I+V+/V+I+, infected and then vaccinated (I+V+, n = 50) merged with vaccinated and then infected (V+I+, n = 23). Red dotted lines indicate specific cutoffs. Table inserts depict the diagnostic exam results in 4×4 matrix. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV of all the subjects that participated in this study (n = 239), and overall percentage classified correctly is shown.