Table 2. Demographic and clinical data for study patients.
| Clinical parameters | Variables | Total sample (n = 485) | Female (n = 271) | Male (n = 214) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body stature and corpulence | Age (years) | 50.95 (49.85, 52.05) | 51.19 (49.67, 52.71) | 50.65 (49.05, 52.24) | 0.631 |
| Height^ (m) | 1.65 (1.6, 1.72) | 1.6 (1.57, 1.65) | 1.72 (1.68, 1.76) | <0.001* | |
| Weight^ (kg) | 74 (59, 90) | 71 (58, 87) | 76 (61, 94) | 0.027* | |
| BMI^ (kg/m2) | 26.82 (21.89, 32.08) | 27.4 (22.99, 32.85) | 25.54 (20.62, 31.53) | 0.119 | |
| Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) | 57 (12) | 24 (9) | 33 (15) | 0.029* | |
| Normal weight (BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 143 (30) | 74 (28) | 69 (32) | 0.269 | |
| Overweight (BMI: 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 113 (23) | 67 (25) | 46 (21) | 0.367 | |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) | 169 (35) | 103 (38) | 66 (31) | 0.083 | |
| Smoking status | Current smoker | 245 (51) | 134 (50) | 111 (53) | 0.571 |
| Former smoker | 167 (35) | 89 (33) | 78 (37) | 0.392 | |
| Never smoker | 67 (14) | 45 (17) | 22 (10) | 0.046* | |
| Pack years^ | 18 (4.05, 37.5) | 12 (3.75, 32) | 20 (5, 37.5) | 0.265 | |
| Radiography | Chest CT Scan available | 212 (72) | 115 (69) | 97 (77) | 0.124 |
| No CADs | 290 (60) | 179 (66) | 111 (52) | 0.002* | |
| COPD | 111 (23) | 54 (20) | 57 (27) | 0.081 | |
| Bronchiectasis | 45 (9) | 26 (10) | 19 (9) | 0.787 | |
| Combined COPD & Bronchiectasis | 39 (8) | 12 (4) | 27 (13) | 0.001* | |
| Total CAD findings | 195 (40) | 92 (34) | 103 (48) | 0.002* |
Continuous and categorical data were reported as mean (95% CI) and number (%), respectively.
^Non-parametric data were reported as median (IQR).
p-values derived from 2-tailed Students t-test (normally distributed data), equality of medians test (non-parametric data) or 2-tailed proportions z-test (categorical data).
*Denotes statistically significant association (p<0.05).
Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index; CAD, Chronic airways disease; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CT, Computed tomography; CXR, Chest x-ray; PFT, Pulmonary function test.