Table 1.

Summary of results of selected clinical trials that evaluate the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer

Trial namereference	Phase/line	Agent	Target	PD-L1	Treatment arms	Number patients	Primary endpoint	OS (mo)	PFS (mo)	ORR (%)
ATTRACTION-227	III/ ≥3L	Nivolumab	PD-1	Unselected	Nivolumab	330	OS	5.26	1.6	11.2
					Placebo	163		4.14	1.5	0
KEYNOTE-5926	II/ ≥3L	Pembrolizumab	PD-1	Unselected	Pembrolizumab	259	ORR	5.6	2	11.6
JAVELIN Gastric 30028	III/ 3L	Avelumab	PD-L1	Unselected	Avelumab	185	OS	4.6	1.4	2.2
					CT1	186		5.0	2.7	4.3
CHECKMATE-03231	I-II/ ≥3L	Nivolumab	PD-1	Unselected	Nivolumab	59	ORR	6.2	1.4	12
					Nivolumab 1 + ipilimumab 3	49		6.9	1.4	24
					Nivolumab3 + ipilimumab1	52		4.8	1.6	8
KEYNOTE-6129	III/ 2L	Pembrolizumab	PD-1	Positive	Pembrolizumab	196	OS, PFS	9.1	1.5	16
					Paclitaxel	199		8.3	4.1	14
KEYNOTE-6230	III/ 1L	Pembrolizumab	PD-1	Positive	Pembrolizumab	256	OS, PFS	10.6 CPS ≥1; 17.4 CPS ≥10	2.0	14.8
					Pembrolizumab + CT2	257		12.5 CPS ≥1; 12.3 CPS≥10	6.9	48.6
					CT2	250		11.1 CPS≥1; 10.8 CPS≥10	6.4	37.2
CHECKMATE-64932	lII/ 1L	Nivolumab	PD-1	Positive	Nivolumab + CT3	473	OS, PFS in CPS ≥5	14.4	7.7	-
					CT3	482		11.1	6.1	-
ATTRACTION-433	II-III/ 1L	Nivolumab	PD-1	Unselected	Nivolumab + CT4	362	PFS, OS	17.5	10.5	57.5
					Placebo + CT4	362		17.2	8.3	47.8

1L, first line; 2L, second line; 3L, third line; ≥3L, third line or later; CPS, combined positive score; CT, chemotherapy; CT¹ included paclitaxel or irinotecan; CT² included cisplatin plus fluorouracil or capecitabine; CT³ included capecitabine plus oxaliplatin or fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin; CT⁴ included S-1 plus oxaliplatin or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin; NR, not reached; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PD-1, programmed cell death 1; PFS, progression-free survival.