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. 2021 Apr 7;77(2):357–364. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab099

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Figure 3. — Relationships between race/ethnicity status, cumulative stress exposures, and executive function.Notes: ^aTotal effects of race/ethnicity status on executive function, adjusting for age, sex, and sample. ^bAssociations between race/ethnicity status on cumulative stress exposures, adjusting for age, sex, and sample. ^cAssociations between cumulative stress exposures and executive function, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity status, sample, education, income, spousal status, parental status, working status, and chronic conditions. ^dMarginal structural model evaluating the controlled direct effect of race/ethnicity status on executive function. ^eGeneralized estimating equations with identity link and normal distribution were used in all models to adjust for clustering by family and were calculated using SAS PROC GENMOD. ^fResults were generated from 20 multiply imputed datasets.