Table 7:
Longitudinal Change in Volume-adjusted Lung Density, Stratified according to GOLD Groups and according to Parenchymal Emphysema Grades
| GOLD 0 | GOLD 1 | GOLD 2 | GOLD 3 | GOLD 4 | PRISm | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parenchymal emphysema | Mean change (g/L) | P value | Mean change (g/L) | P value | Mean change (g/L) | P value | Mean change (g/L) | P value | Mean change (g/L) | P value | Mean change (g/L) | P value |
| No | −0.2 (−1.0, 0.6) | .69 | −2.5 (−4.8, −0.1) | .04 | 1.2 (−0.5, 3.0) | .17 | 0.5 (−2.7, 3.8) | .75 | 5.1 (−2.7, 12.9) | .200 | −0.9 (−2.8, 0.9) | .33 |
| Trace | −1.7 (−2.8, − 0.7) | .001 | −3.6 (−6.0, −1.1) | .005 | −1.3 (−3.3, 0.6) | .18 | −2.4 (−5.1, 0.3) | .08 | −7.3 (−21.7, 7.1) | .32 | −2.0 (−4.2, 0.2) | .08 |
| Mild | −3.7 (−4.8, −2.6) | <.001 | −3.5 (−5.8, −1.3) | .002 | −4.2 (−5.8, −2.7) | <.001 | −6.4 (−8.6, −4.1) | <.001 | −2.4 (−7.6, 2.9) | .38 | −3.2 (−5.8, −0.6) | .02 |
| Moderate | −3.0 (−4.7, −1.2) | <.001 | −4.8 (−7.1, −2.6) | <.001 | −7.0 (−8.6, −5.3) | <.001 | −7.2 (−9.2, −5.2) | <.001 | −7.6 (−12.0, −3.1) | .001 | −3.2 (−7.0, 0.6) | .10 |
| Confluent | −3.7 (−8.4, 0.9) | .12 | −7.2 (−10.4, −4.0) | <.001 | −5.8 (−7.7, −3.8) | <.001 | −6.7 (−8.7, −4.7) | <.001 | −5.4 (−9.3, −1.5) | .007 | −5.9 (−15.0, 3.1) | .20 |
| ADE | −17.2 (−35.1, 0.8) | .06 | −5.9 (−13.2, 1.4) | .11 | −7.2 (−10.5, −4.0) | <.001 | −6.2 (−9.1, −3.4) | <.001 | −4.6 (−8.1, −1.1) | .01 | Nonest | Nonest |
Note.— Models are adjusted for age, height, sex, race, and smoking status. Progressions differed by extent of emphysema (P < .001) for each group (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or no chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and emphysema classification variable. Numbers in parentheses are 95% CIs. ADE = advanced destructive emphysema, GOLD = Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, Nonest = nonestimable, PRISm = preserved ratio impaired spirometry.