Table 2.
Independent variables evaluated for inclusion in the multivariable logistic regression model on the probability of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues to calves.
| Variable groups | Variables | Categories (where applicable) |
|---|---|---|
| Herd characteristics | Herd sizea | < 15; 15–29; 30–44; or ≥ 45 cows |
| Bulk tank somatic cell counta | < 100,000 cells/ml; 100,000–149,999 cells/ml; or ≥ 150 000 cells/ml | |
| Average cow annual milk yielda | < 6,500 L; 6,500–8,499 L; or ≥ 8,500 L | |
| Regiona, b | East (Ostschweiz, Ticino); central (Nordwestschweiz, Zentralschweiz, Zurich); or west (Mittelland, Genferseeregion) | |
| Production typea | Organic; non-organic | |
| % revenues from milk production | < 25%; 25–50%; 50–75%; > 75% | |
| Farmer's demographics | Gender Age |
Male; female |
| Highest education level | Secondary or professional training; college or university | |
| Personnel feeding the calves | The respondent; someone else; variable personnel | |
| Personal value factors | Biospherism Altruism |
|
| Discipline | ||
| Tradition | ||
| Perception factors | Causes and threats of AR | |
| Trust in and support from other stakeholders | ||
| Trust in and support from governmental authorities | ||
| Farm-level benefits of feeding WMA | ||
| Calf-level benefits of feeding WMA |
a
Data obtained from the previous questionnaire.
bFederal Statistical Office, 2021 (30).