Table 4. Independent prognostic determinants of MACCE by univariate and multivariate analysis.
| Parameters | MACCE | Univariate P value | Multivariate P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (+) (N=17) | Negative (−) (N=8) | |||
| Age (year) | 77.5±10.1 | 61.3±18.1 | 0.04* | 0.16 |
| Male, n (%) | 14 (82.4) | 4 (50.0) | 0.41 | |
| Height (cm) | 165.0±7.7 | 167.3±11.9 | 0.59 | |
| Weight (kg) | 59.8±13.9 | 65.6±16.9 | 0.50 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.0±4.7 | 23.2±3.7 | 0.73 | |
| Systemic hypertension, n (%) | 13 (76.5) | 5 (62.8) | 0.38 | |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 4 (23.5) | 0 | 0.07 | 0.16 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 5 (29.4) | 1 (12.5) | 0.23 | |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 8 (47.1) | 0 | <0.01* | 0.18 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 0 | 0.04* | 0.81 |
| Prior percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%) | 3 (17.6) | 0 | 0.25 | |
| Heart failure, NYHA functional class III/IV, n (%) | 11 (64.7) | 7 (87.5) | 0.76 | |
| Prior cerebrovascular accident, n (%) | 7 (41.2) | 0 | 0.06 | 0.13 |
| Previous atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 6 (35.3) | 2 (25.0) | 0.84 | |
| Peripheral arterial occlusion disease, n (%) | 2 (11.8) | 0 | 0.25 | |
| Prior permanent pacemaker implantation, n (%) | 4 (23.5) | 2 (25.0) | 0.75 | |
| STS-PROM score (%) | 8.8±4.2 | 2.9±1.5 | <0.01* | 0.02* |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 52.9±12.0 | 50.5±13.3 | 0.56 | |
| Right ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 55.4±7.9 | 60.5±4.5 | 0.17 | |
| Ascending aorta diameter (mm) | 38.5±4.6 | 38.4±8.0 | 0.60 | |
| ≥moderate mitral regurgitation, n (%) | 14 (82.4) | 3 (37.5) | 0.19 | |
| Transfemoral access, n (%) | 15 (88.2) | 7 (87.5) | 0.88 | |
| Early-generation device, n (%) | 11 (64.7) | 2 (25.0) | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| Valve size (cm2) | 30.1±1.9 | 30.4±2.7 | 0.71 | |
| Implantation depth below annulus (mm) | 12.3±5.7 | 11.0±4.9 | 0.55 | |
| Device failure, n (%) | 8 (47.1) | 2 (25.0) | 0.33 | |
| Need for second valve implantation, n (%) | 6 (35.3) | 2 (25.0) | 0.57 | |
| Aortic regurgitation ≥ moderate, n (%) | 2 (11.8) | 0 | 0.25 | |
| Procedure time (min) | 53.4±22.7 | 54.5±33.5 | 0.65 | |
| Fluoroscopy time (min) | 32.5±12.0 | 32.8±21.8 | 0.87 | |
| Contrast agent (mL) | 129.4±52.0 | 144.9±108.7 | 0.67 | |
| New permanent pacemaker implantation, n (%) | 6 (35.3) | 0 | 0.09 | 0.54 |
| Intensive care unit stay (day) | 3.2±2.4 | 1.6±0.7 | 0.04* | 0.02* |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *, significance level, P<0.05. MACCE, major adverse cardiac and cerebral events; NYHA, New York Association; STS-PROM, Society for Thoracic Surgery-probability of mortality score.