Figure 3.
Effect of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles on the tumor. A) In the local microenvironment of the tumor, TDEVs regulate the metabolic state of recipient cells and promote tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and immunosuppression. The role of TDEVs in the remote microenvironment is mainly to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Adapted with permission from 62. Copyright Year 2020, MDPI. B) Mechanisms of miRNAs-mediated drug resistance in hematological malignancies. Adapted with permission from 53. Copyright Year 2021, Elsevier. C) Exosomes and microparticles derived from lung tumors can inhibit anti-tumor immunity in a variety of ways. Activated T cells release microparticles and induce their own death by FAS/FASL signal. Adapted with permission from 57. Copyright Year 2020, frontiers.