Fig. 6.

Management effects during adulthood on worker gene expression presented based on relative quantification according to ∆Ct. Multiple genes exhibited significantly increased expression as a result of the workers experiencing stationary compared to migratory conditions. A) PGRP showed low variability but significantly higher expression overall in adults that experienced stationary conditions. Workers that experienced a stationary adult environment also had higher expression of dicer-like (B), than workers from the migratory adult treatment but not HSP90 (C), or Cyp9Q3 (D). Within each panel, different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.0055).