Table. Participant Characteristics for Individuals Who Completed Cognitive Assessments at Year 30 (2015-2016): CARDIA Microbiome Study.
| Characteristic | No. (%) (N = 597)a |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 55.2 (3.5) |
| Sex | |
| Men | 267 (44.7) |
| Women | 330 (55.3) |
| Race | |
| Black | 270 (45.2) |
| White | 327 (54.8) |
| Education, mean (SD), y | 15.9 (2.6) |
| Field center | |
| Birmingham, Alabama | 96 (16.1) |
| Chicago, Illinois | 292 (48.9) |
| Minneapolis, Minnesota | 108 (18.1) |
| Oakland, California | 101 (16.9) |
| Current smoking | 77 (13.1) |
| Physical activity, median (IQR), intensity unitsb | 269 (127-504) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 29.4 (6.2) |
| Hypertension | 209 (35.0) |
| Diabetes | 91 (15.4) |
| Cognitive assessments, median (IQR)c | |
| MoCA | 25 (22-27) |
| DSST, No. correctly substituted | 70 (58-82) |
| Stroop, No. correctly assigned | 20 (15-27) |
| RAVLT, No. of words recalled | 9.4 (8-10.6) |
| Category fluency, No. of unique animals | 20 (17-24) |
| Letter fluency, No. unique words | 42 (34-50) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); DSST, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; RAVLT, Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning Test.
a
Sample size represents the number of participants for whom a microbiome sample and at least 1 cognitive assessment was present.
b
Physical activity intensity units were generated from data on the frequency, duration, and intensity for 13 activities.
c
See eTable 2 in the Supplement for scoring scales. Mean (SD) for cognitive measures were: MoCA, 24.4 (3.6); DSST, 69.2 (16.9); Stroop, 22.2 (11.5); RAVLT, 9.3 (1.9); category fluency, 20.6 (5.2); letter fluency, 42.6 (12.3).