Table 1.
Patient Characteristics According to Physical Activity
| Biological Characteristics | Sedentary/Low Intensity (n = 77) | Moderate Intensity (n = 78) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 50.03 (10.28) | 47.59 (10.72) | .151 |
| Sex, male, No. (%) | 58 (75.3) | 59 (75.6) | 1.000 |
| BMI, median [IQR], kg/m2 | 27.91 [24.34–29.32] | 25.21 [23.48–28.42] | .024 |
| C hepatitis virus antibodies, No. (%) | 18 (23.7) | 12 (16.0) | .327 |
| Parameters related to HIV infection | |||
| Transmission, No. (%) | |||
| Heterosexual | 36 (48.0) | 23 (29.9) | .102 |
| Homosexual/bisexual | 26 (34.7) | 41 (53.2) | |
| Intravenous drug users | 10 (13.3) | 10 (13.0) | |
| Others/unknown | 3 (4.0) | 3 (3.9) | |
| CDC HIV stage, No. (%) | |||
| A | 21 (32.8) | 36 (52.9) | .046 |
| B | 24 (37.5) | 21 (30.9) | |
| C | 19 (29.7) | 11 (16.2) | |
| ART, No. (%) | |||
| Protease inhibitor | 27 (35.1) | 13 (16.9) | .017 |
| NNRTI | 19 (24.7) | 33 (42.9) | .027 |
| Integrase inhibitor | 40 (51.9) | 38 (49.4) | .872 |
| Other ART combinations | 17 (22.4) | 14 (18.2) | .658 |
| Time on ART, median [IQR], y | 3.70 [2.21–9.67] | 4.49 [2.49–8.00] | .744 |
| CD4 nadir, median [IQR], cells/mL | 232.5 [111.5–367.2] | 290.0 [128.5–429.0] | .217 |
| HIV viral load <20 copies/mL, No. (%) | 69 (89.6) | 75 (97.4) | .102 |
| CD4 T cell, median [IQR], cells/µL | 711.0 [433.0–960.0] | 750.0 [549.0–927.0] | .212 |
| CD8 T cell, median [IQR], cells/µL | 947.0 [713.0–1204] | 777.0 [563.0–1064] | .018 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio, median [IQR] | 0.72 [0.42–0.98] | 0.96 [0.64–1.22] | .001 |
| Biochemical parameters | |||
| Glucose, median [IQR], mg/dL | 96.0 [86.0–106.0] | 91.0 [85.0–97.0] | .024 |
| Total cholesterol, median [IQR], mg/dL | 192.0 [164.0–223.0] | 175.0 [159.0–218.0] | .106 |
| LDL cholesterol, median [IQR], mg/dL | 112.0 [88.5–136.5] | 108.0 [85.0–131.0] | .765 |
| HDL cholesterol, median [IQR], mg/dL | 48.00 [40.00–56.00] | 48.0 [41.0–54.0] | .823 |
| Triglycerides, median [IQR], mg/dL | 132.0 [101.0–195.0] | 98.0 [78.0–146.0] | .002 |
| Creatinine, median [IQR], mg/dL | 0.89 [0.81–1.04] | 0.85 [0.77–0.99] | .462 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | |||
| Type 2 diabetes, No. (%) | 6 (7.8) | 2 (2.6) | .268 |
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 15 (19.5) | 12 (15.4) | .645 |
| Dyslipidemia, No. (%) | 29 (37.7) | 26 (33.3) | .693 |
| Smoker, No. (%) | |||
| Nonsmoker | 30 (39.0) | 40 (51.3) | .088 |
| Current smoker | 44 (57.1) | 38 (48.7) | |
| Previous smoker | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Drink alcohol, No. (%) | 36 (46.8) | 42 (53.8) | .66 |
| Coronary heart disease, No. (%) | 5 (6.6) | 1 (1.3) | .200 |
| Stroke, No. (%) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 1.000 |
| Framingham Risk Score, median [IQR] | 3.00 [2.00–4.25] | 2.50 [1.00–4.00] | .380 |
| Metabolic syndrome, No. (%) | 24 (32.4) | 10 (13.3) | .010 |
| HOMA, median [IQR] | 3.01 [1.60–5.38] | 1.93 [1.41–2.54] | .002 |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NNRTI, non-nucleoside retroviral transcriptase inhibitor.